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Abstract(s)
A necropsia médico-dentária é uma das áreas mais relevantes da Medicina Legal e das Ciências Forenses, contribuindo de forma direta e precisa para investigações criminais e processos judiciais. Esta especialidade aplica conhecimentos da medicina dentária forense para auxiliar na resolução de casos judiciais, exigindo a colaboração de uma equipa multidisciplinar.
Os médicos dentistas desempenham um papel crucial na identificação de vítimas, analisando a cavidade oral e as estruturas dentárias, um dos métodos mais confiáveis e frequentemente utilizados em perícias forenses. Com o aumento da criminalidade e da ocorrência de desastres em massa como incêndios, acidentes
rodoviários, explosões e atentados terroristas, as técnicas de necropsia médico-dentária tornaram-se ainda mais valiosas para a identificação humana em contextos complexos.
Este trabalho visa apresentar os métodos e técnicas de necropsia médico-dentária, destacando sua aplicabilidade e importância na identificação humana em contexto médico-legal. São abordados os procedimentos específicos para o exame externo e interno da cavidade oral, a coleta e preservação de evidências dentárias, a documentação necessária e a interpretação dos achados post-mortem. Adicionalmente, examina-se a comparação de dados post-mortem e ante-mortem, registados em fichas dentárias e outros documentos, bem como através da comparação de ortopantomografias e radiografias
intra-orais.
A importância da manutenção de registos dentários completos e detalhados é enfatizada, bem como a necessidade da padronização das técnicas de necropsia médicodentária para otimizar o processo de identificação humana em medicina legal.
Forensic odontology plays a critical role in legal medicine and forensic sciences, providing accurate and reliable methods for human identification and criminal investigations. This field applies dental expertise to assist judicial processes, requiring coordinated efforts among multidisciplinary teams. Dentists are essential in victim identification through the analysis of oral structures and dental records, one of the most trusted techniques in forensic practice. Given the rise in criminal activity and mass disasters—such as fires, traffic accidents, explosions, and terrorist attacks—forensic dental autopsy has become increasingly vital for identifying victims in challenging scenarios. This paper highlights the significance of forensic odontology in modern forensic investigations and its indispensable contribution to justice. This work aims to present the methods and techniques of dental autopsy, highlighting their applicability and importance in human identification in medico-legal contexts. Specific procedures for external and internal examination of the oral cavity, collection and preservation of dental evidence, necessary documentation, and interpretation of post-mortem findings are addressed. Additionally, the comparison of post-mortem and ante-mortem data, recorded in dental records and other documents, as well as through the comparison of orthopantomographs and intra-oral radiographs is examined. The importance of maintaining complete and detailed dental records is emphasized, as well as the need for standardization of dental autopsy techniques to optimize the process of human identification in legal medicine.
Forensic odontology plays a critical role in legal medicine and forensic sciences, providing accurate and reliable methods for human identification and criminal investigations. This field applies dental expertise to assist judicial processes, requiring coordinated efforts among multidisciplinary teams. Dentists are essential in victim identification through the analysis of oral structures and dental records, one of the most trusted techniques in forensic practice. Given the rise in criminal activity and mass disasters—such as fires, traffic accidents, explosions, and terrorist attacks—forensic dental autopsy has become increasingly vital for identifying victims in challenging scenarios. This paper highlights the significance of forensic odontology in modern forensic investigations and its indispensable contribution to justice. This work aims to present the methods and techniques of dental autopsy, highlighting their applicability and importance in human identification in medico-legal contexts. Specific procedures for external and internal examination of the oral cavity, collection and preservation of dental evidence, necessary documentation, and interpretation of post-mortem findings are addressed. Additionally, the comparison of post-mortem and ante-mortem data, recorded in dental records and other documents, as well as through the comparison of orthopantomographs and intra-oral radiographs is examined. The importance of maintaining complete and detailed dental records is emphasized, as well as the need for standardization of dental autopsy techniques to optimize the process of human identification in legal medicine.
Description
Dissertação para obtenção do grau de Mestre no Instituto Universitário Egas Moniz
Keywords
Necropsia médico-dentária Medicina legal Medicina dentária forense Identificação humana
