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Inseminação Artificial De Suínos Em Regime Familiar
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Abstract(s)
A inseminação artificial de suínos tem um grande potencial, sendo cada vez mais utilizada. Esta técnica permite a melhoria do potencial genético dos animais, um aumento do tamanho das ninhadas, o aumento do número de leitões vivos ao desmame, ganhos médios diários maiores e a dispensa da existência de um varrasco na exploração, implicando uma maior rentabilidade económica.
O presente estudo teve como objetivo testar a eficácia da inseminação artificial em explorações em regime familiar da região centro de Portugal. Mais especificamente pretendeu-se avaliar os efeitos de diferentes fatores como o edema vulvar, o corrimento vulvar, o reflexo de imobilização, o posicionamento das orelhas na eficiência reprodutiva e produtiva das porcas medida através do retorno ao cio, diagnóstico de gestação e o número de leitões nascidos vivos e desmanados.
Para o estudo foram avaliados e caraterizados as explorações e os animais (n=175), assim como, os principais sinais de cio, tendo sido realizadas 571 inseminações em 90 explorações. Esta inseminações foram efetuadas com 2 técnicas: a inseminação artificial cervical e a inseminação artificial intrauterina. Posteriormente foram avaliados vários parâmetros, nomeadamente, o retorno ao cio, o diagnóstico de gestação, o número de leitões nascido vivos e o número de leitões desmamados.
No presente estudo as caraterísticas do corrimento vaginal, o peso das porcas e a técnica de inseminação influenciam significativamente (p<005) o diagnóstico de gestação e o número de leitões nascidos vivos e desmamados. Porcas mais pesadas têm ninhadas maiores. O corrimento vaginal abundante no momento da IA aumenta a probabilidade de as porcas ficarem gestantes. A inseminação intrauterina origina mais leitões nascidos vivos e desmamados do que a inseminação cervical.
Conclui-se que a inseminação artificial é uma ferramenta muito útil a utilizar nas explorações de suínos do tipo familiar.
Artificial insemination in sows has great potential and is increasingly being used. This technique contributes to improving genetic potential, increasing litter size, the number of live piglets at weaning, and daily weight gain, while eliminating the need for a boar on the farm, resulting in greater economic profitability. The aim of this study was to test the effectiveness of artificial insemination in family pig farms in the central region of Portugal. The effects of several factors, such as, vulvar discharge, immobilization reflex, and ear positioning, on the reproductive and productive efficiency of the sows were evaluated. These parameters were measured through the return to estrus, pregnancy diagnosis, and the number of piglets born alive and weaned. For the study, 571 inseminations were carried out in 90 farms, in 175 animals, using two techniques: cervical and intrauterine artificial insemination. Subsequently, the return to estrus, pregnancy diagnosis, number of live-born piglets, and number of weaned piglets were analyzed. The results showed that characteristics such as vaginal discharge, sow weight, and the insemination technique significantly (p<0.005) influence pregnancy diagnosis and the number of live-born and weaned piglets. Heavier sows had larger litters, and abundant vaginal discharge at the time of insemination increased the probability of a positive pregnancy diagnosis. Intrauterine inseminations resulted in more live-born and weaned piglets compared to cervical inseminations. It is concluded that artificial insemination is an effective and advantageous tool for family pig farms.
Artificial insemination in sows has great potential and is increasingly being used. This technique contributes to improving genetic potential, increasing litter size, the number of live piglets at weaning, and daily weight gain, while eliminating the need for a boar on the farm, resulting in greater economic profitability. The aim of this study was to test the effectiveness of artificial insemination in family pig farms in the central region of Portugal. The effects of several factors, such as, vulvar discharge, immobilization reflex, and ear positioning, on the reproductive and productive efficiency of the sows were evaluated. These parameters were measured through the return to estrus, pregnancy diagnosis, and the number of piglets born alive and weaned. For the study, 571 inseminations were carried out in 90 farms, in 175 animals, using two techniques: cervical and intrauterine artificial insemination. Subsequently, the return to estrus, pregnancy diagnosis, number of live-born piglets, and number of weaned piglets were analyzed. The results showed that characteristics such as vaginal discharge, sow weight, and the insemination technique significantly (p<0.005) influence pregnancy diagnosis and the number of live-born and weaned piglets. Heavier sows had larger litters, and abundant vaginal discharge at the time of insemination increased the probability of a positive pregnancy diagnosis. Intrauterine inseminations resulted in more live-born and weaned piglets compared to cervical inseminations. It is concluded that artificial insemination is an effective and advantageous tool for family pig farms.
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Keywords
Inseminação Artificial Inseminação Artificial Cervical Inseminação Artificial Intra Uterina Diagnóstico De Gestação Número De Leitões Nascido Vivos E Desmamados Artificial Insemination Cervical Artificial Insemination Intrauterine Artificial Insemination Pregnancy Diagnosis Number Of Live-Born And Weaned Piglets