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- Reliability and validity of the Positive Mental Health Questionnaire in a sample of Spanish university studentsPublication . Roldán-Merino, J.; Lluch-Canut, M. T.; Casas, I.; Sanromà-Ortíz, M.; Ferré-Grau, C.; Sequeira, Carlos; Falcó-Pegueroles, A.; Soares, D.; Puig-Llobet, M.WHAT IS KNOWN ON THE SUBJECT?: In general, the current studies of positive mental health use questionnaires or parts thereof. However, while these questionnaires evaluate aspects of positive mental health, they fail to measure the construct itself. WHAT DOES THIS PAPER ADD TO EXISTING KNOWLEDGE?: The widespread use and the lack of specific questionnaires for evaluating the positive mental health construct justify the need to measure the robustness of the Positive Mental Health Questionnaire. Also six factors are proposed to measure positive mental health. WHAT ARE THE IMPLICATIONS FOR PRACTICE?: The availability of a good questionnaire to measure positive mental health in university students is useful not only to promote mental health but also to strengthen the curricula of future professionals.
- Nurses' Knowledge and Practices in Cases of Acute and Chronic Confusion: A Questionnaire SurveyPublication . Sampaio, Francisco M. C.; Sequeira, CarlosPURPOSE: This study aimed to describe nurses’ knowledge and practices toward patients with acute or chronic confusion. DESIGN AND METHODS: A cross-sectional design was used, and 249 nurses engaged in clinical practice fulfilled an online self-report questionnaire. FINDINGS: Tools for diagnosing acute confusion/delirium are never used by 57.80%of the nurses. Between 80%and 81%of nursing interventions involvemanaging patients’ physical environment and between 62% and 71% deal with managing communication. Theoretical training in the use of tools for assessing and intervening in cases of confusion was significantly associated with nurses’ knowledge and practices. PRACTICE IMPLICATIONS: These results suggest the need for increased investment in nurses’ training.
- Contributes for the development of a psychotherapeutic intervention model in nursing: A focus group study in Portugal and SpainPublication . Sampaio, Francisco Miguel Correia; Sequeira, Carlos; Lluch Canut, María TeresaPurpose: To explore the aspects set forth as the minimum set of features that should integrate a psychotherapeutic intervention model in nursing. Design andMethods: Two focus groupswere conducted, with the participation of 15 nursing professionals. Data were analysed thematically. Findings: Five topics previously identifiedwere analysed: theoretical conceptualization, structure, patients’ inclusion and exclusion criteria, operationalization, and evaluation of the intervention(s) effectiveness. Theoretical conceptualization has been mainly grounded on Peplau’s theory.Moreover, participants believe that standardized nursing language and nursing process should be the presumptions of the model. Practice Implications: This study allowed the identification of a minimum set of features that should integrate a psychotherapeutic intervention model in nursing, about which consensus must be reached with a view to its further development.
- Data, diagnoses, and interventions addressing the nursing focus “delusion”: A scoping reviewPublication . Gonçalves, Patrícia D. B.; Sampaio, Francisco M. C.; Sequeira, Carlos; Silva, Maria AntóniaTo explore and synthesize literature related to the nursing process addressing the focus "Delusion".
- Evaluation of the Psychometric Properties of the Mental Vulnerability Questionnaire in Undergraduate StudentsPublication . Sequeira, Carlos; Barbosa, Elsa Natalina Mendes; Nogueira, Maria José Carvalho; Sampaio, Francisco Miguel CorreiaPURPOSE: Translate, adapt the language, and assess the psychometric properties of theMental Vulnerability Questionnaire (MVQ) in a Portuguese population sample of young adults. DESIGN AND METHODS: A psychometric validation study was performed. The sample comprised 166 undergraduate students. Factor analysis was applied to extract three indicators. FINDINGS: The MVQ showed divergent validity with the Positive Mental Health Questionnaire (p<.001) and convergent validity with theMental Health Inventory including five items (p < .001). Reliability was verified through the assessment of internal consistency, evidencing positive outcomes (Cronbach’s α = 0.81). PRACTICE IMPLICATIONS: The MVQ shows psychometric properties enabling its adaptation to clinical practice and research, essential to an effective screening of mental vulnerability.
- The experience of psychological distress in family caregivers of people with dementia: A cross-sectional studyPublication . Abreu, Wilson; Ferreira, Teresa de Jesus Rodrigues; Sequeira, Carlos; Pires, Regina; Sanhudo, AnaPurpose: To evaluate the degree of psychological distress in family caregivers of people with dementia. Design and Methods: A nonprobabilistic sample of 54 dyads (people with dementia and family caregivers) was recruited. A sociodemographic questionnaire, the Brief Symptom Inventory (BSI), and the Barthel Index were used for data collection. Findings: About half of the caregivers had significant levels of psychological distress. Caregivers showed high scores in some BSI dimensions: somatization, obsessive–compulsion, interpersonal sensitivity, anxiety, and paranoid ideation. Practice Implications: Alleviating the caregivers’ distress is likely to have positive effects on the overall health and capacity to care. Frameworks for providing palliative care to people with advanced dementia and support the caregivers would enhance the quality of care provided and may reduce the distress on the caregiver.
- The effectiveness of positive mental health programs in adults: A systematic reviewPublication . Teixeira, Sónia Manuela Almeida; Coelho, Joana Catarina Ferreira; Sequeira, Carlos; Lluch i Canut, Maria Teresa; Ferré-Grau, CarmeA systematic review was conducted. So, electronic database including CINAHL, Embase, MEDLINE, Pubmed, Scopus and Cochrane-Central were explored in January 2017 and in October 2017. The aim of this systematic review is to identify, appraise and synthesize the best evidence for the effectiveness of programmes of positive mental health in adults. Mental health is regarded as an ideal functioning state of the human being, which emphasizes the relevance of promoting the person's qualities in the optimization of their potential. Mental health is not inert and definitive but a dynamic and variable state. Studies were reviewed and data extracted by two independent reviewers using Joanna Briggs Institute standardized critical appraisal and data extraction instruments. Six studies met the inclusion criteria for the analysis. However, a meta-analysis could not be performed. The results suggest that positive mental health programmes improve adults' mental condition, although there is neither evidence of content formalization nor of programme sessions criteria. The review findings indicate that interventions promoting positive mental health of young adults can be implemented effectively in community settings with various programmes and results.
- Nursing interventions in mental health and psychiatry: Content analysis of records from the nursing information systems in use in PortugalPublication . Gonçalves, Patrícia; Sequeira, Carlos; Silva, Maria AntóniaWHAT IS KNOWN ABOUT THE SUBJECT?: Planning and implementation of care are based on the selection and application of nursing interventions, which correspond to a key element in the nursing process. No information was found in the literature about which major nursing interventions are documented by nurses working in psychiatric wards. WHAT THE PAPER ADDS TO EXISTING KNOWLEDGE?: Despite the criteria applied to the intervention records' analysis may have led to the exclusion of certain important aspects of mental health nursing, this study provides information on some of the most relevant interventions in the field of psychiatric and mental health nursing documented in Portugal, placing them into the different steps of the nursing process. This study revealed the lack of standardized language used by nurses in intervention definitions, which results in the use of varied terminology to describe the same intervention. WHAT ARE THE IMPLICATIONS FOR PRACTICE?: This study constitutes an important contribution towards the standardization of language used by mental health nurses in intervention definitions, which may lead to the production of health indicators that will show policymakers the importance of nursing care towards population health. This study also contributes to the improvement of nursing informatics systems in use in psychiatric departments, particularly through the differentiation between different types of intervention, placing them into the proper steps of the nursing process. The problems identified in this study regarding nursing documentation may suggest that more training for professional nurses in the field of intervention formulation is needed. ABSTRACT: Introduction The nursing intervention corresponds to a key element in the nursing process. No information was found in the literature about which major interventions are documented by nurses working in psychiatric wards. Aims (a) To identify the interventions documented by nurses in Portugal that respond to nursing needs within the scope of psychiatric nursing; (b) to identify the main problems in identifying these interventions. Method A descriptive study combining: (a) quantitative content analysis of intervention records identified by mental health nurses in Portugal and (b) a focus group meeting with 14 nurses exploring the results of the first study phase. Results The 2,881 initial intervention records were systematized into 198 intervention categories. Some problems in the interventions' documentation by nurses were identified. Discussion Despite certain important aspects of mental health nursing may have been excluded, this study provides information on some of the most relevant interventions in the field of mental health nursing documented in Portugal. Implications for practice This study may offer an important contribution to the improvement of nursing informatics systems and the production of health indicators that reveal the contribution of nursing care towards population health.
- Ethical conflicts and their characteristics among critical care nursesPublication . Lluch-Canut, Teresa; Sequeira, Carlos; Falcó-Pegueroles, Anna; Pinho, José António; Rodrigues-Ferreira, Albina; Olmos, Joan Guàrdia; Roldan-Merino, JuanEthical conflict is a phenomenon that has been under study over the last three decades, especially the types moral dilemma and moral distress in the field of nursing care. However, ethical problems and their idiosyncrasies need to be further explored.
- Content Validity of a Psychotherapeutic Intervention Model in Nursing: A Modified e-Delphi StudyPublication . Sampaio, Francisco Miguel Correia; Sequeira, Carlos; Lluch Canut, TeresaAim: To estimate the content validity of a psychotherapeutic intervention model in nursing. Background: Mental health nurses encounter great extrinsic difficulties when it comes to providing psychotherapeutic interventions due to the fact that they are not allowed to perform such practice in some countries. In this light, the pursuit of a psychotherapeutic interventionmodel in nursing seemsgermane to guide the professionals' psychotherapeutic practice, contributing hereof to increase mental health nurses' professional autonomy. Design: Modified e-Delphi. Methods: Data were collected from October 2015 to January 2016 by means of three rounds of online questionnaires. The initial questionnairewas structured into five sections: general structure of the model, patients' exclusion criteria, assessment framework, nursing diagnoses, and nursing psychotherapeutic interventions. From the 42 experts invited, at least twenty (20) participated in each round. Results: The experts achieved consensus with regard to the conclusion that nursing psychotherapeutic interventions should always seek to address a nursing diagnosis. These defined furthermore that a psychotherapeutic intervention model in nursing should be exercised by means of 3 to 12 sessions using Nursing Interventions Classification (NIC) as a resource. Finally, experts deemed that the model should follow the principles of integrative psychotherapy, so that techniques from different schools of psychotherapy could therefore be used in conjunction to promote the resolution of a nursing diagnosis. Conclusion: Achieving consensus about the structure of a psychotherapeutic intervention model in nursing is imperative to guide nurses in the provision of nursing psychotherapeutic interventions and to enable an effective evaluation of the health gains associated with its implementation.