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- Instrumentos de avaliação da dor em pessoas com alteração da consciência: uma revisão sistemáticaPublication . Cunha, Daniela; Ribeiro, Ana; Pereira, Filipe Miguel SoaresIn patients with impaired consciousness, pain self-assessment is impracticable and communication is compromised, therefore challenging assessment by health care professionals. This causes the use of valid and trustful scales to become fundamental. The present study aims to evaluate the clinical potential of the existent scales for the assessment of pain in patients with impaired consciousness. The literature review comprehends the time frame from January of 2005 to June of 2011 based on two search engines and three databases. A total of 654 abstracts and titles were analyzed, 16 papers were selected for a full body revision of which 8 comprise within the present review. Three university archives were visualized and only 1 paper was included herein. Seven distinct assessments of pain scales were identified in patients presenting impaired consciousness. Only one of the scales took into account physiological and behavioral indicators, whereas the remaining others included solely behavioral indicators. The BPS scale obtained the highest rating, thus turning its implementation possible in these patients. More research, concerning the effects of the use of assessment of pain tools in clinics and their implications, is required.
- Nonpharmacological Clinical Effective Interventions in Constipation: A Systematic ReviewPublication . Carvalho Pinto, Cristina; Oliveira, Palmira; Fernandes, Olga; Padilha, José Miguel Santos Castro; Machado, Paulo Alexandre Puga; Ribeiro, Ana; Ramos, JoséPurpose: To identify nonpharmacological clinically effective interventions for constipation in adults. Methods: A systematic review of experimental studies of nonpharmacological interventions addressing participants’ management of constipation using samples of adults over 18 years of age was conducted. In evaluating the methodological quality of the eligible studies, we used the assumptions of the Cochrane Collaboration, and for the reporting of items in the systematic review we used the Model of Preferential Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses. The protocol of this review was recorded in the International Prospective Register of Systematic Reviews of the University of York under number 43693. Results: This review included 12 randomized controlled trials. Nonpharmacological effective interventions for the resolution of constipation were identified: individualized intervention based on the participant’s modifiable risk factors of constipation promoting literacy in health; educational measures in dietary modification and lifestyle; and abdominal massage. Conclusions: Specific nonpharmacological interventions are crucial for nurses’ clinical practice and of major importance for clients and families. Evidence on these interventions in resolving constipation is still scarce and fails to provide evidence-based data to support nursing clinical practice. Clinical Relevance: Personal lifestyles, comorbidities, medication, and sedentary habits are likely to be risk factors in constipation. Thus, it is important to invest in nonpharmacological interventions that promote changes in behavior regarding prevention or resolution of constipation. Moreover, nursing researchers worldwide should conduct research for clinical practice regarding the fundamentals of care.
- "Coping...e a pessoa com dor crónica"Publication . Ribeiro, Ana; Santos, CéliaNeste artigo procura-se abordar aspectos relacionados com o processo de coping da pessoa com dor crónica. A presença de dor tem implicações no desempenho das actividades de vida diária, tais como comer, beber, dormir ou cuidar-se. A dor pode desencadear respostas na pessoa, nomeadamente depressão, ansiedade, isolamento, medo da dor e pensamentos pessimistas. Assim, constata-se que no seu processo de adaptação à condição de dor crónica, a pessoa precisa de integrar algumas estratégias para poder gerir as actividades do seu dia-a-dia. Ao longo deste artigo procura-se sistematizar o processo através do qual os enfermeiros, tomando por referência o modelo de processamento de stresse e coping de Lazarus e Folkman (1984), podem sistematizar os cuidados a prestar. Efectivamente, os enfermeiros procuram ajudar as pessoas na identificação, tanto dos seus recursos pessoais, como dos recursos sócio-ecológicos. O sentido do processo de cuidados tem como meta a melhoria da qualidade de vida, através do controlo da dor e a adaptação da pessoa à sua condição de saúde, através do desenvolvimento dos seus conhecimentos e capacidades para usar os recursos, tanto pessoais como instrumentais ou sociais.
- Clinical Virtual Simulation in Nursing Education: Randomized Controlled TrialPublication . Padilha, José Miguel Santos Castro; Machado, Paulo Alexandre Puga; Ribeiro, Ana; Ramos, José; Costa, PatrícioIn the field of health care, knowledge and clinical reasoning are key with regard to quality and confidence in decision making. The development of knowledge and clinical reasoning is influenced not only by students' intrinsic factors but also by extrinsic factors such as satisfaction with taught content, pedagogic resources and pedagogic methods, and the nature of the objectives and challenges proposed. Nowadays, professors play the role of learning facilitators rather than simple "lecturers" and face students as active learners who are capable of attributing individual meanings to their personal goals, challenges, and experiences to build their own knowledge over time. Innovations in health simulation technologies have led to clinical virtual simulation. Clinical virtual simulation is the recreation of reality depicted on a computer screen and involves real people operating simulated systems. It is a type of simulation that places people in a central role through their exercising of motor control skills, decision skills, and communication skills using virtual patients in a variety of clinical settings. Clinical virtual simulation can provide a pedagogical strategy and can act as a facilitator of knowledge retention, clinical reasoning, improved satisfaction with learning, and finally, improved self-efficacy. However, little is known about its effectiveness with regard to satisfaction, self-efficacy, knowledge retention, and clinical reasoning.
- Easiness, usefulness and intention to use a MOOC in nursingPublication . Padilha, José Miguel Santos Castro; Puga Machado, Paulo Alexandre; ALVES RIBEIRO, ANA LEONOR; Ribeiro, Rui; Vieira, Francisco; Costa, PatrícioBackground: The growing ageing population and the increasing prevalence of non-communicable diseases call for innovation and healthcare mastered professional skills. Emerging digital learning contents envisioning to complement education, lifelong learning and in-service training. The use of digital platforms allows nurses to access contents in several formats, enabling the required pedagogical autonomy and personal time management. This allows nurses to enrol in education wherever accessible, reducing personal and professional costs and ensuring high-quality standards. Objectives: To assess students and nurses’ easiness, usefulness and intention to use a Massive Open Online Course (MOOC) as an educational resource to enhance self-management intervention skills in COPD patients. Methods: An exploratory, descriptive and transversal study was conducted. Participants were nursing students, registered nurses and rehabilitation nurses. A questionnaire supported by Davis Technology Acceptance Model and on the determinants of the ease-of-use perception of Venkatesh was applied. An EFA was performed and two dimensions were obtained (perceived easiness and global quality of the course and perceived usefulness and intention to use the MOOC) and groups were compared in these dimensions. Results: From the total participants (n = 93), 65.6% were nursing students, 15.1% were Portuguese nurses and 19.4% were Portuguese rehabilitation nurses. The perceived easiness and global quality score of the course were 4.70 (SD = 0.314) and the perceived usefulness and intention to use the MOOC was 4.73 (SD = 0.346). Rehabilitation nurses, who are older, scored higher than nurses and students (χ2(2, n = 93) = 8.43, p = .015, ε2 = 0.092). The dropout rate was 25%. Conclusions: The MOOC showed usefulness and nurses’ intention to use this educational resource in future education and yielded high average rates of perceived easiness and global quality. These massive courses unlock new opportunities for nursing education and to lifelong learning in nursing, enhancing safety and quality of the healthcare services in supporting patients to achieve a better quality of life.
- Intervenções de enfermagem em quadros de dor crónica e depressão/sintomas depressivos: revisão sistemática da literaturaPublication . Ribeiro, Ana; Santos, Célia; Gonçalves, Patrícia
- tradução, adaptação cultural e validação da versão portuguesa do instrumento knowledge and attitudes survey regarding pain (kasrp)Publication . Batalha, Luís Manuel; Raposo, Carina; Correia, Isabel Maria; Ferreira, Ana Cristina; Dias, Daniela; Oliveira, António Gomes; Ribeiro, Ana; Santos, Juliana; Sousa, Teófilo ÂngeloAs lacunas na formação dos profissionais de saúde têm sido apontadas como a principal causa de sofrimento inaceitável à luz do conhecimento atual. O Knowledge and Attitudes Survey Regarding Pain (KASRP) é um instrumento com 41 itens que mede as atitudes dos profissionais de saúde na gestão da dor, sendo útil para diagnosticar necessidades de formação e avaliar a proficiência de ações formativas. O objetivo foi traduzir, adaptar culturalmente e validar uma versão portuguesa do KASRP (KASRP-PT) em Enfermeiros. Tratou-se de um estudo metodológico desenvolvido em seis fases. A versão portuguesa foi alcançada por consenso em painéis e testada numa amostra de 34 enfermeiros para avaliação da equivalência conceptual, semântica e de conteúdo. A versão resultante foi avaliada em painel através do índice de validade de conteúdo ao nível de item (I-CVI) e de escala (S-CVI). Para a análise métrica recorreu-se ao estudo do índice de dificuldade e de discriminação dos itens, cálculo da consistência interna do instrumento pela fórmula de Kuder-Richardson e estabilidade temporal a 15 dias pelo coeficiente de correlação intraclassse a 95% (ICC 95%). Para a equivalência conceptual, semântica e de conteúdo houve necessidade de rever alguns itens. O I-CVI variou entre 0,80 e 1,00 sendo o S-CVI médio de 0,98. A versão final do KASRP-PT aplicada em 188 enfermeiros apresentou propriedades métricas sofríveis com baixo índice de dificuldade (0,67) e de discriminação (0,26) dos seus itens, uma homogeneidade questionável (alfa Cronbach 0,627) e moderada estabilidade temporal (ICC 95% 0,552 (0,193-0,744). O KASRP-PT pode ser um instrumento útil se eliminados alguns itens para melhorar a sua validade e fiabilidade pelo que se recomenda o uso uma versão reduzida a 29 itens.
- Simulação clínica virtual na educação em enfermagem: estudo randomizado controladoPublication . Ribeiro, Ana; Puga Machado, Paulo Alexandre; Ramos, José; Costa, Patrício; Padilha, José Miguel Santos Castro