EM - Egas Moniz School of Health & Science
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A Egas Moniz School of Health & Science, entidade instituidora do Instituto Universitário Egas Moniz (anteriormente designado Instituto Superior de Ciências da Saúde Egas Moniz) e da Escola Superior de Saúde Egas Moniz (Politécnico), é uma instituição de ensino de referência dedicada à formação de profissionais de saúde, assumindo-se igualmente como um pólo de responsabilidade social fortemente inserido na comunidade local através da prestação de cuidados de saúde.
Enquanto instituição académica, desenvolve atividade pedagógica e científica, contando com um corpo docente altamente qualificado e participando em projetos de investigação científica desenvolvidos em parceria com instituições nacionais e estrangeiras.
O presente repositório visa colecionar, preservar e disponibilizar o acesso à produção científica da comunidade académica da Egas Moniz, contribuindo simultaneamente para o aumento da sua visibilidade e impacto no contexto da transferência de conhecimento.
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Browsing EM - Egas Moniz School of Health & Science by Field of Science and Technology (FOS) "Ciências Sociais::Psicologia"
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- Children exposed to interparental violence : a study of Portuguese children from 7-9 years of agePublication . Almeida, Telma Catarina; Gonçalves, Rui Abrunhosa; Sani, Ana IsabelIntroduction: Exposure to interparental violence is a type of child maltreatment linked to a higher risk of physical and mental health problems. This research considers the experiences of young Portuguese children exposed to interparental violence. The goal is to explore the associations between interparental conflict in children, their perceptions of conflict properties, threat, self-blame, and the relationship with their parents. Method: The research protocol was applied to 888 Portuguese children between 7 and 9 years of age, of whom 123 are victims of interparental violence. Results: The results showed that witnessing interparental conflict is positively correlated with children’s self-blame and insight into conflict properties and negatively correlated with children’s insight into the parent-child relationship. Conclusion: These results provide strong support for the hypothesis that witnessing interparental conflict is associated with adverse outcomes in young children. Findings highlight the importance of identifying children exposed o interparental conflict in order to develop appropriate intervention programmes.
- Instrumentos de avaliação psicológica do sono com estudos na população portuguesaPublication . Marques, Daniel Ruivo; Salvado, Ana Catarina; Amado, Catarina; Marrinhas, Daniel; Silva, Daniela; Araújo, Eliezer; Gonçalves, Filomena Marisa; Canário, Jéssica; Teves, Raúl; Machado, Roberto; Raposo, Rosa; Rofino, Rui; Cardoso, Jorge; Almeida, Telma Catarina; Gomes, Ana AllenA avaliação psicológica é uma área fundamental que norteia todos os campos de intervenção e investigação em Psicologia. Ao longo das últimas décadas tem-se assistido a um crescente envolvimento dos psicólogos no âmbito do sono e das suas perturbações, sendo a Psicologia do Sono uma especialidade reconhecida pela American Psychological Association (APA) desde 2013. Paralelamente, constata-se o desenvolvimento de múltiplos instrumentos de avaliação psicológica relacionados com o sono, seguidos das respetivas adaptações e validações transculturais. Neste artigo pretende-se elencar e descrever sucintamente os instrumentos de avaliação do comportamento de sono, considerando os estudos publicados que tenham recorrido a instrumentos validados, ainda que, por vezes, o processo de validação apresente apenas um carácter preliminar. Assim, constituiu o nosso objetivo apresentar uma listagem e súmula descritiva dos instrumentos de avaliação de sono disponíveis em Portugal, passíveis de serem utilizados na prática clínica e a nível da investigação.
- The link between childhood experiences, alexithymia, and aggression : a comparative study between sexual offenders and the community samplePublication . Albuquerque, Bárbara Mestre; Almeida, TelmaBackground: Childhood experiences, positive (PCEs) or adverse (ACEs), play a crucial role in health and well-being throughout life. ACEs can contribute to a greater propensity for alexithymia traits in adulthood and lead to higher levels of aggression. On the other hand, PCEs can provide greater resilience and better emotional regulation, decreasing the likelihood of aggressive behavior and sexual crimes. Objectives: The study aims to compare a community and a sample of perpetrators of sex crimes in terms of ACEs, PCEs, alexithymia, and aggression; to analyze the relationship between these variables; to assess the predictors of alexithymia and aggression; and to explore the moderating role of PCEs in the relationship between ACEs and aggression. Participants: The study sample includes 732 adult males, 523 from the community sample aged between 18 and 78, and 209 perpetrators of sex crimes aged between 23 and 84. Method: Application of the sociodemographic questionnaire, the Adverse Childhood Experiences Questionnaire (ACEs), the Benevolent Childhood Experiences Scale (BCEs), the Toronto Alexithymia Scale (TAS), and the Buss-Perry Aggression Questionnaire (BPAQ). Results: Positive correlations are observed between ACEs and TAS, ACEs and BPAQ, and negative correlations between PCEs and TAS, and PCEs and BPAQ. Perpetrators of sex crimes have more ACEs, TAS, difficulty identifying feelings (DIF), difficulty describing feelings (DDF), and hostility than the community sample. Age, educational level, some ACEs, and PCEs are predictors of DIF and DDF, while educational level, reclusion, and some ACEs are predictors of externally oriented thought. Age, some ACEs, and PCEs are predictors of physical aggression, while emotional neglect and reclusion are predictors of verbal aggression. Marital status, reclusion, some ACEs, and PCEs are predictors of anger, while age, reclusion, some ACEs, and PCEs are predictors of hostility. Moderation analyses show that PCEs moderate the link between ACEs and aggression in the community sample. Conclusion: These results highlight the impact of ACEs and PCEs on alexithymia and aggression and the differences between the community sample and the perpetrators of sex crimes sample in some of the variables analyzed. The moderating role of PCEs in the link between ACEs and aggression indicates their potential as a target for prevention strategies. This study emphasizes the need to develop effective prevention strategies to reduce the prevalence of ACEs, alexithymia, aggression, and criminality.
- Remote support to victims of violence against women and domestic violence during the COVID-19 pandemicPublication . Caridade, Sónia Maria Martins; Saavedra, Rosa; Ribeiro, Rita; Oliveira, Ana Cristina; Santos, Manuela; Almeida, Iris Sofia; Soeiro, CristinaPurpose: This paper aims to characterize the type of support provided to victims of violence against women and domestic violence (VAWDV) during the first lockdown, assessing the training of professionals to use remote support (RS). Design/methodology/approach: This cross-sectional study involves a sample of 196 support professionals, mainly women (91.8%) and who integrate the Portuguese National Support Network for victims of domestic violence (NSNVDV) (Mean age = 36.49; SD = 10.52). Findings: Telephone emerges as the main RS communication media used in the lockdown (43.9%) and the emergency state periods (57.1%). Participants reported to have never used any social applications (41.8% vs 41.8%) or videoconference (46.4% vs 58.2%), in both periods assessed, i.e. lockdown and emergency state, respectively, and 82.7% assumed to have no training with RS to assist VAWDV victims. However, support professionals recognized several advantages in using RS such as dealing with isolation, reducing inhibition, fear and shame and in promoting the victims’ empowerment. Research limitations/implications: Given the exploratory nature of this study, only descriptive analyzes were conducted. Originality/value: During the COVID-19 pandemic, little is known about effective RS given by professionals to victims of VAWDV in the Portuguese context. The paper aims to add knowledge to the studied field.
- Risk factors for antisocial behavior in children: comparison between boys and girlsPublication . Coelho, Inês Castro; Neves, Ana Cristina; Caridade, SóniaRecognizing the importance of assessing the risk of antisocial behavior, this study aimed to characterize the risk factors for the occurrence of antisocial behavior, seeking to understand if there are differences between boys and girls. Eighty-five cases of children referred by the promotion and protection system due to the display of antisocial behaviors were reviewed. A total of 65 were boys and 20 were girls, aged between six and eleven years. Data collection was performed using the Portuguese version of the risk assessment instruments Early Assessment Risk List for boys and for girls. Gender differences were assessed, with boys exhibiting a higher risk level for antisocial behavior, adopting more serious behaviors (e.g., impulsive behaviors). Girls engaged in less serious behavior (e.g., disrespect). By characterizing the most prevalent risk factors, the results of this study may contribute to the identification of intervention priorities.
- "Tooth fairy myth: children’s self-perception of the loss of deciduous teeth"Publication . Dias, Maria do Rosário; Neves, Ana CristinaAims to understand how children intrapsychically experience, the process of losing their Deciduous Dentition and the self-perception of the face ; 115 children of both genders, aged between 5-12 y, were interviewed and - Empirical Protocols - were designed, in which the child was invited to draw their self-portrait in two different moments – Before (M1) and After (M2) the experience of losing their Deciduous teeth answer a set of open questions as well as a demographic questionnaire. The interpretative analysis of the pictorial narrative of the drawings (n=330) and the open-ended questions was carried out using two content analysis grids, created specifically for this research. The results suggest the existence of analytical differences between the self-perception of the face, Before (M1) and After (M2) the loss of Deciduous Teeth. The analysis of the pictorial content of the drawings also reveals some notable differences, in terms of the pictorial investment demonstrated in the two drawings, created by each child. The results also suggest the existence of an adjusted mourning process when each of the primary tooth is lost. The results of the present study allow us to recognize some differences in terms of self-perception of the image of the face, before and after the loss of deciduous teeth, which points to the identification of possible clues that could help us to understand, how the loss of deciduous teeth can be experienced by the child as a process of mourning, also highlighting the role of the dentist as a health educator.
- Violência na intimidade nos relacionamentos homossexuais gays e lésbicosPublication . Osório, Lúcia; Sani, Ana; Soeiro, CristinaO presente estudo teve como objetivo estudar a prevalência da violência na intimidade nos relacionamentos homossexuais, gays e lésbicos. A amostra foi constituída por 48 participantes de nacionalidade portuguesa, com idades compreendidas entre os 18 e os 55 anos (M=26.50; DP=8.011), sendo que 72.9% (n=35) se identificam como lésbicas (sexo feminino) e 27.1% (n=13) se identificam como gay (sexo masculino). As tipologias de violência identificadas com maior prevalência pelas vítimas foram a violência psicológica, seguindo-se a violência física, a violência socioeconômica e a violência sexual. No contexto de perpetração de abuso, as tipologias de violência identificadas com maior prevalência foram a violência psicológica, seguindo-se a violência física e, por fim, com a mesma prevalência, a violência sexual e a violência socioeconômica. Afigura-se necessário um maior investimento na produção de conhecimento científico nesta área.