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Publication
Disbiose oral e intestinal : relação entre a doença de Crohn e a doença periodontal
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Authors
Abstract(s)
A incidência das doenças inflamatórias crónicas do intestino (DII) está em constante aumento nos países industrializados e mais de seis milhões de pessoas em todo o mundo sofrem destas patologias.
São condições de longa duração e incapacitantes. Fatores genéticos, ambientais, epiteliais, imunológicos e microbianos têm sido associados à etiologia da doença.
A doença de Crohn (DC) é uma patologia inflamatória crónica da parede do trato digestivo, caracterizada por surtos inflamatórios e períodos de remissão, alterando a homeostase da microbiota bacteriana intestinal e cuja extensão pode ir da boca ao ânus.
As lesões e sintomas característicos desta doença na cavidade oral tendem a comprovar que existe uma ligação real entre a cavidade oral e o tubo digestivo reforçando o interesse de estudar estas microbiotas e compreender a interação entre elas.
A doença periodontal é uma doença crónica inflamatória oral devido em parte a uma disbiose bacteriana que afeta os tecidos de suporte do dente. Na periodontite, a resposta inflamatória e a microbiota estão em um desequilíbrio bidirecional.
O objetivo desta revisão narrativa é apresentar a fisiopatologia destas duas doenças crónicas, e destacar o conhecimento atual sobre a comunicação bidirecional boca-intestino através da microbiota e os mecanismos mediados pelo sistema imunitário e o seu impacto nestas duas patologias inflamatórias na saúde geral e oral.
Foi realizada uma recolha bibliográfica nos motores de pesquisa PubMed, SciELO e Google Scholar, de artigos científicos publicados em português, inglês e francês.
The incidence of inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD) is constantly increasing in industrialized countries, and more than six million people worldwide suffer from these pathologies. These are long-term and disabling conditions. Genetic, environmental, epithelial, immunologic, and microbial factors have been associated with the etiology of the disease. Crohn's disease (CD) is a chronic inflammatory pathology of the digestive tract wall, characterized by inflammatory flare-ups and periods of remission, altering the homeostasis of the intestinal bacterial microbiota, with involvement ranging from the mouth to the anus. The lesions and symptoms of this disease in the oral cavity tend to support the existence of a real connection between the oral cavity and the digestive tract, reinforcing the interest in studying these microbiotas and understanding their interaction. Periodontal disease is a chronic inflammatory oral disease partly due to bacterial dysbiosis affecting the tooth-supporting tissues. In periodontitis, the inflammatory response and the microbiome are in a bidirectional imbalance. The aim of this narrative review is to present the pathophysiology of these two chronic diseases and highlight the current knowledge about the bidirectional communication between the mouth and the intestine through the microbiota and the mechanisms mediated by the immune system, as well as their impact on these two inflammatory pathologies in overall and oral health. A literature search will be conducted on PubMed, SciELO, and Google Scholar for scientific articles published in Portuguese, English, and French.
The incidence of inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD) is constantly increasing in industrialized countries, and more than six million people worldwide suffer from these pathologies. These are long-term and disabling conditions. Genetic, environmental, epithelial, immunologic, and microbial factors have been associated with the etiology of the disease. Crohn's disease (CD) is a chronic inflammatory pathology of the digestive tract wall, characterized by inflammatory flare-ups and periods of remission, altering the homeostasis of the intestinal bacterial microbiota, with involvement ranging from the mouth to the anus. The lesions and symptoms of this disease in the oral cavity tend to support the existence of a real connection between the oral cavity and the digestive tract, reinforcing the interest in studying these microbiotas and understanding their interaction. Periodontal disease is a chronic inflammatory oral disease partly due to bacterial dysbiosis affecting the tooth-supporting tissues. In periodontitis, the inflammatory response and the microbiome are in a bidirectional imbalance. The aim of this narrative review is to present the pathophysiology of these two chronic diseases and highlight the current knowledge about the bidirectional communication between the mouth and the intestine through the microbiota and the mechanisms mediated by the immune system, as well as their impact on these two inflammatory pathologies in overall and oral health. A literature search will be conducted on PubMed, SciELO, and Google Scholar for scientific articles published in Portuguese, English, and French.
Description
Dissertação para obtenção do grau de Mestre no Instituto Universitário Egas Moniz
Keywords
Doença de Crohn Doença periodontal Microbiota oral Microbiota intestinal