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Uso de anticorpos monoclonais em animais de companhia
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Abstract(s)
A aplicação clínica dos anticorpos monoclonais tem sofrido uma expansão nos últimos anos,
nomeadamente na área da oncologia, onde a sua utilização é tão importante como a cirurgia, os
fármacos citotóxicos, e a radioterapia. Apesar do desenvolvimento de anticorpos monoclonais em
medicina humana, os laboratórios são mais reticentes em investir no desenvolvimento de terapias com
anticorpos monoclonais para animais de companhia. Atualmente, estão disponíveis no mercado
veterinário europeu três anticorpos monoclonais que apresentam elevada eficácia e segurança. O
primeiro é o lokivetmab (Cytopoint®) que tem uma aplicação no prurido. Mais recentemente, dois
anticorpos monoclonais com alvo na dor decorrente da artrose foram introduzidos: o bedinvetmab
(Librela®) para os cães e o frunevetmab (Solensia®) para os gatos. Este documento tem como objetivo
fazer uma revisão sobre anticorpos monoclonais em medicina veterinária, e das suas aplicações
clínicas, nomeadamente das já existentes em medicina veterinária e dos fármacos em estudo. Esta
análise também descreve o potencial das terapias por anticorpos monoclonais numa perspetiva One
Health através da sua potencial contribuição para a redução da administração de antimicrobianos. Esta
revisão também destaca a falta de estudos relativos à inocuidade e à dificuldade na investigação destas
moléculas em medicina veterinária por motivos económicos, apesar do seu crescimento recente devido
aos avanços nas técnicas de síntese, nomeadamente com a “PETisação” dos anticorpos monoclonais.
The clinical application of monoclonal antibodies has experienced an expansion in recent years, specifically in the field of oncology where they take centre stage alongside surgery, cytotoxics and radiotherapy. In spite of the development of monoclonal antibodies in human medicine, laboratories are being more reluctant to invest in those therapies for pets. Currently, three safe and efficient monoclonal antibodies are available on the European pharmaceutical market. The first one is lokivetmab (Cytopoint®) and tends to manage pruritus. Lately, two monoclonal antibodies targeting pain due to osteoarthritis where authorized under the name of bedinvetmab (Librela®) for dogs and frunevetmab (Solensia®) for cats. This document aims to provide a literature review about monoclonal antibodies in veterinary medicine and clinical applications for pets, notably the ones that already are on the market and the drugs under study. This analysis also describes the potential of monoclonal antibody therapies that are part of the One Health concept by contributing to the reduction of antimicrobial use. This review either highlights the lack of studies on safety and the difficulty of investigating these molecules in veterinary medicine due to economic reasons related to owners and laboratories, despite the growing interest since the development of synthesis techniques, particularly with "PETisation" of monoclonal antibodies.
The clinical application of monoclonal antibodies has experienced an expansion in recent years, specifically in the field of oncology where they take centre stage alongside surgery, cytotoxics and radiotherapy. In spite of the development of monoclonal antibodies in human medicine, laboratories are being more reluctant to invest in those therapies for pets. Currently, three safe and efficient monoclonal antibodies are available on the European pharmaceutical market. The first one is lokivetmab (Cytopoint®) and tends to manage pruritus. Lately, two monoclonal antibodies targeting pain due to osteoarthritis where authorized under the name of bedinvetmab (Librela®) for dogs and frunevetmab (Solensia®) for cats. This document aims to provide a literature review about monoclonal antibodies in veterinary medicine and clinical applications for pets, notably the ones that already are on the market and the drugs under study. This analysis also describes the potential of monoclonal antibody therapies that are part of the One Health concept by contributing to the reduction of antimicrobial use. This review either highlights the lack of studies on safety and the difficulty of investigating these molecules in veterinary medicine due to economic reasons related to owners and laboratories, despite the growing interest since the development of synthesis techniques, particularly with "PETisation" of monoclonal antibodies.
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Keywords
Animais de companhia Anticorpos monoclonais Artrose Atopia Imunoterapia Oncologia Parvovirus Atopy Immunotherapy Monoclonal antibodies Oncology Osteoarthritis Parvovirus Pets