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Buscas domiciliárias após detenções em flagrante delito: O limite e a extensão do mandato conferido ao OPC
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Advisor(s)
Abstract(s)
Após a realização de detenções em flagrante delito, mediante o respeito de certos
requisitos legais, os órgãos de polícia criminal (OPC) poderão proceder a buscas domiciliárias
subsequentes. No entanto, ainda que se trate de um instituto relativamente bem densificado,
quer na Constituição da República Portuguesa (CRP), quer no Código de Processo Penal
(CPP), existem determinadas lacunas que causam dúvidas acerca do procedimento a adotar,
nomeadamente a definição do tempo em que medeia entre a detenção e a execução da busca
domiciliária.
Assim, inexistindo um prazo previsto na letra da lei, levantam-se, desde logo, dúvidas
no que concerne ao limite e à extensão do mandato conferido ao OPC no âmbito desta
matéria, acrescendo o facto da existência de decisões judiciais que legitimam buscas
domiciliárias subsequentes a detenções em flagrante delito, que se realizaram três horas após
a detenção; e outras, que não legitimaram tal diligência volvidos trinta minutos após a
detenção.
Neste sentido, ao se interpretar os preceitos que preconizam os requisitos necessários
para a realização de tal diligência – o artigo 34.º da CRP e os artigos 174.º e 177.º do CPP –,
verifica-se que não existe a previsão de qualquer prazo estabelecido na lei. E também,
considerando os requisitos plasmados na CRP e no CPP, sem mais, verificar-se-á, numa
primeira abordagem, que nada obsta a que se façam buscas domiciliárias após detenções em
flagrante delito de crimes como os de condução sob o efeito de álcool e a condução sem
habilitação legal, porém, analisando a questão, verifica-se que tal diligência não é admissível.
Suportando-se da utilização do Direito, através da recolha normativa, jurisprudencial e
doutrinária, esta investigação escalpelizou esse tipo de problemáticas, logrando torná-las
inteligíveis e elucidativas, o que poderá consubstanciar uma mais-valia para os operadores
judiciários, a quem incumbe a aplicação do direito aos casos concretos.
After arrests in flagrante delicto, if certain legal requirements are met, the police may carry out subsequent house searches. However, although it is a relatively well-detailed institute, both in the Constitution of the Portuguese Republic (CRP) and in the Criminal Procedure Code (CPP), there are certain gaps that cause doubts about the procedure to be adopted, namely the definition of the time between the arrest and the execution of the home search. As there is no time limit laid down in the letter of the law, doubts are raised as to the limit and extent of the mandate given to the police in this area. There are also judicial decisions that legitimize home searches following arrests in the act of committing an offence, which are carried out three hours after the arrest, and others that do not legitimize such a search more than thirty minutes after the arrest. In this sense, when interpreting the precepts that establish the necessary requirements for the realization of such diligence – Article 34 of the CRP and Articles 174 and 177 of the CPP – it appears that there is no provision for any deadline established by law. And, considering the requirements set out in the CRP and the CPP, without further ado, it will be verified, in a first approach, that there is nothing to prevent house searches after arrests in the act of committing an offence of crimes such as driving under the influence of alcohol and driving without a legal license, however, analysing the issue it is verified that such diligence is not admissible. Supported by the use of Law, through normative, jurisprudential and doctrinaire collection, this research examined this type of problems, managing to make them intelligible and elucidative, which may consubstantiate an added value for judicial operators, who are responsible for the application of law to concrete cases.
After arrests in flagrante delicto, if certain legal requirements are met, the police may carry out subsequent house searches. However, although it is a relatively well-detailed institute, both in the Constitution of the Portuguese Republic (CRP) and in the Criminal Procedure Code (CPP), there are certain gaps that cause doubts about the procedure to be adopted, namely the definition of the time between the arrest and the execution of the home search. As there is no time limit laid down in the letter of the law, doubts are raised as to the limit and extent of the mandate given to the police in this area. There are also judicial decisions that legitimize home searches following arrests in the act of committing an offence, which are carried out three hours after the arrest, and others that do not legitimize such a search more than thirty minutes after the arrest. In this sense, when interpreting the precepts that establish the necessary requirements for the realization of such diligence – Article 34 of the CRP and Articles 174 and 177 of the CPP – it appears that there is no provision for any deadline established by law. And, considering the requirements set out in the CRP and the CPP, without further ado, it will be verified, in a first approach, that there is nothing to prevent house searches after arrests in the act of committing an offence of crimes such as driving under the influence of alcohol and driving without a legal license, however, analysing the issue it is verified that such diligence is not admissible. Supported by the use of Law, through normative, jurisprudential and doctrinaire collection, this research examined this type of problems, managing to make them intelligible and elucidative, which may consubstantiate an added value for judicial operators, who are responsible for the application of law to concrete cases.
Description
Keywords
busca domiciliária detenções flagrante delito inviolabilidade do domiilio Órgão de Polícia Criminal house search arrests in the act of committing an offence inviolability of the home police