Name: | Description: | Size: | Format: | |
---|---|---|---|---|
969.76 KB | Adobe PDF |
Advisor(s)
Abstract(s)
Os estados hipocalcémicos, clínicos ou subclínicos, são uma patologia recorrente em
bovinos de aptidão leiteira, com alto impacto económico e com importantes
consequências clínicas. O período parturiente apresenta desafios à homeostasia cálcica
do organismo bovino, uma vez que a transição do período seco para lactante mobiliza o
cálcio sérico para a glândula mamária para a produção de leite. Este fenómeno,
conhecido como hipocalcémia fisiológica, acomete todos os bovinos após o parto, sendo
regulada posteriormente pelos mecanismos homeostáticos. No entanto, qualquer falha
neste mecanismo pode levar ao desenvolvimento de estados hipocalcémicos, sendo
estes classificados em hipocalcémia subclínica (entre os 5.5 e os 8.0 mg/dL), e
hipocalcémia clínica (menos de 5.5 mg/dL), sendo que as concentrações séricas de cálcio
fisiológicas em bovinos se encontram entre os 8.0 e os 10 mg/dL. Apesar de os estados
subclínicos se apresentarem maioritariamente assintomáticos, sendo apenas registadas
perdas na produção e na performance reprodutiva, os estados clínicos apresentam
sintomatologia neuromuscular que, se não tratada, poderá conduzir o animal à morte.
A terapêutica para animais hipocalcémicos consta da administração subcutânea (em
casos subclínicos) ou intravenosa (em casos clínicos) de soluções à base de cálcio. Uma
vez que existem diversos estudos sobre a incidência de estados hipocalcémicos em
bovinos leiteiros, sendo este um distúrbio que acomete principalmente animais desta
aptidão, a autora achou, assim, relevante a realização de um estudo sobre a sua incidência
em bovinos de carne, com o propósito de identificar animais desta aptidão acometidos.
O presente relatório finaliza, assim, o estágio curricular realizado na NisaVet, com a
duração de três meses, no qual a aluna recolheu um total de 273 amostras sanguíneas
de 15 explorações de bovinos de carne, com a finalidade de identificar fêmeas em idade
reprodutiva em estados hipocalcémicos e evitar as suas consequências, e desenvolveu
diversas atividades, adquirindo ainda competências práticas importantes para o seu
futuro laboral.
Hypocalcemia, either clinical or subclinical, is a recurrent pathology in dairy cattle, with high economic impact and important clinical consequences. The parturient period challanges the calcium homostasis of the bovine organism, where the transition from the non-lactating period to the lactating period mobilizes serum calcium to the mammary gland for milk production. This phenomenon, known as physiological hypocalcemia, affects all cattle after parturition and is usually regulated by the homeostatic mechanisms. However, any failure in this mechanism can develop hypocalcemia, which is commonly classified as subclinical hypocalcemia (between 5.5 and 8.0 mg/dL), and clinical hypocalcemia (below 5.5 mg/dL), with physiologic calcium serum concentrations being regulated between 8.0 and 10.0 mg/dL in cattle.Although the subclinical state is mostly asymptomatic, with small losses in production and in reproductive performance being recorded, the clinical syndrome presents a neuromuscular symptomatology that, if not treated, could lead the animal to death. Therapy for hypocalcemic animals consists in subcutaneous administration (in subclinical cases) or intravenous administration (in clinical cases) of calcium-based solutions. Since there are several studies on the incidence of hypocalcemia in dairy cattle, with this being a disorder that mainly affects animals of this aptitude, the author found it relevant to conduct a study on its incidence in beef cattle, with the purpose of identifying affected animals of this aptitude. This report ends the curricular internship carried out at NisaVet, lasting three months, in which the student collected a total of 273 blood samples from 15 beef cattle farms, with the aim of identifying animals in hypocalcemic states and determinate its main consequences, and developed many activities, and also acquiring important practical skills for her future career.
Hypocalcemia, either clinical or subclinical, is a recurrent pathology in dairy cattle, with high economic impact and important clinical consequences. The parturient period challanges the calcium homostasis of the bovine organism, where the transition from the non-lactating period to the lactating period mobilizes serum calcium to the mammary gland for milk production. This phenomenon, known as physiological hypocalcemia, affects all cattle after parturition and is usually regulated by the homeostatic mechanisms. However, any failure in this mechanism can develop hypocalcemia, which is commonly classified as subclinical hypocalcemia (between 5.5 and 8.0 mg/dL), and clinical hypocalcemia (below 5.5 mg/dL), with physiologic calcium serum concentrations being regulated between 8.0 and 10.0 mg/dL in cattle.Although the subclinical state is mostly asymptomatic, with small losses in production and in reproductive performance being recorded, the clinical syndrome presents a neuromuscular symptomatology that, if not treated, could lead the animal to death. Therapy for hypocalcemic animals consists in subcutaneous administration (in subclinical cases) or intravenous administration (in clinical cases) of calcium-based solutions. Since there are several studies on the incidence of hypocalcemia in dairy cattle, with this being a disorder that mainly affects animals of this aptitude, the author found it relevant to conduct a study on its incidence in beef cattle, with the purpose of identifying affected animals of this aptitude. This report ends the curricular internship carried out at NisaVet, lasting three months, in which the student collected a total of 273 blood samples from 15 beef cattle farms, with the aim of identifying animals in hypocalcemic states and determinate its main consequences, and developed many activities, and also acquiring important practical skills for her future career.
Description
Keywords
Hipocalcémia Bovinos de carne Incidência Hipocalcémia subclínica Hipocalcémia clínica Hypocalcemia Beef cattle Subclinical hypocalcemia
Citation
Tinoco, A.C.L.V (2023).Incidência e consequências de estados hipocalcémicos em bovinos de carne. Escola Superior Agrária de Elvas. Elvas
Publisher
Escola Superior Agrária de Elvas