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Publication
Promoção da saúde e prevenção do cancro colo-rectal à pessoa com doença inflamatória do intestino :
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| 21.29 MB | Adobe PDF |
Advisor(s)
Abstract(s)
As pessoas com doença inflamatória intestinal (DII) enfrentam diariamente desafios criados pelos
sintomas da doença, pelo seu impacto na qualidade de vida, pelos tratamentos e pela possível
malignização da doença. Ao cuidar de pessoas com DII desde há 12 anos, verifiquei que, apesar do meu
esforço e do da restante equipa de enfermagem, as pessoas com DII desconheciam muito sobre a doença,
a sua evolução, a importância de aderir aos tratamentos, a promoção da saúde, o autocuidado. A
literatura de enfermagem que estudei e as experiências que fui observando da participação autónoma e
integrada dos enfermeiros nas equipas multidisciplinares que tratam estas pessoas, motivaram-me para
os dois propósitos principais deste trabalho. O primeiro, mais importante por refletir a identidade do
enfermeiro que é o cuidar de pessoas, foi o de melhorar os cuidados à pessoa com DII através da
implementação duma consulta de enfermagem (CE), sistematizada e estruturada, baseada em
recomendações e evidência atualizadas. O segundo, relacionado com o meu desenvolvimento
profissional, foi o de adquirir competências na minha formação como Enfermeira Especialista e Mestre.
Ambos os propósitos são interdependentes, uma vez que o trajeto formativo se deve fazer no processo
de planear e implementar a CE para a pessoa com DII.
O modelo teórico que fundamentou o meu projeto foi a teoria do autocuidado da enfermeira
Dorothea Orem. O autocuidado é o conjunto de atividades realizadas pela pessoa para manter a vida, a
saúde e o bem-estar. A doença crónica origina um défice de autocuidado e a intervenção do enfermeiro
é fundamental e insubstituível para capacitar ou reconduzir a pessoa no autocuidado e assegurar uma
continuidade de cuidados à pessoa com DII ao longo de todo o processo assistencial. Para cumprir os
propósitos do trabalho, mantendo um enfoque na prevenção do cancro colo-rectal nas pessoas com DII,
realizei uma série de tarefas seguindo um processo científico exigente que é a metodologia de projeto.
Esta inclui as seguintes fases: diagnóstico da situação, definição dos objetivos, planificação das
atividades, execução das atividades, avaliação e divulgação dos resultados. Desenvolvi estas fases do
processo nos estágios que realizei, dois deles em instituições com CE devidamente estruturadas para as
pessoas com DII e o terceiro na minha instituição, onde implementei a CE para as pessoas com DII. Nos
estágios não só aprendi, mas também colaborei com as instituições onde estagiei, elaborando
procedimentos, panfletos de apoio e outras iniciativas. Fiz revisões da literatura, adotei e adaptei escalas,
assisti e realizei consultas de enfermagem, participei em reuniões multidisciplinares, e realizei
questionários que validaram a satisfação com a CE para as pessoas com DII. No final espero ter
cumprido os propósitos do meu projeto: implementar a CE para as pessoas com DII, e desenvolver as
competências necessárias para ser Enfermeira Especialista e Mestre.
People with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) face daily challenges created by the symptoms of the disease, its impact on quality of life, treatments, and the possible malignancy of the disease. When caring for people with IBD for 12 years, I could see that, despite my efforts and the efforts of the nursing team, people with IBD showed lack of knowledge about the disease, its evolution, health promotion, self-care, and the importance to adhere to treatments. The readings I made of nursing literature, and the experiences I witnessed in the autonomous, and integrated participation of nurses in the multidisciplinary teams that treat these people, motivated me to the two main purposes of this work. The first and most important, as it has to do with the nurse's own identity, which is caring for people, was to improve the care of people with IBD, through the implementation of a systematized and structured nursing consultation (NC), based on the most up-to-date recommendations and evidence. The second purpose, related to my professional development, was to acquire knowledge and skills that were useful and justified my training as a Specialist Nurse and Master. Both purposes are interconnected since the training route is made throughout the process of planning and implementing the EC for the person with IBD. The theoretical model that founded my project was the self-care theory of nurse Dorothea Orem. Briefly, self-care is the set of activities performed by the person to maintain life, health, and well-being. Chronic illness and specially IBD lead to a self-care deficit. The nurse's intervention is essential and irreplaceable to enable or bring back person to self-care and ensure continuity of care for the person with IBD throughout the entire care process. To fulfill the purposes defined for my work, maintaining a focus on the prevention of colorectal cancer in people with IBD, I carried out a series of tasks following a demanding scientific process which is the project methodology, which includes the following phases: diagnosis of situation, definition of objectives, planning of activities, execution of activities, evaluation, and dissemination of results. I developed these phases of the process in the stages I performed, two of them in institutions where there are CE properly structured for people with IBD and the third in my institution, where I implemented the CE for people with IBD. During the stages I had the opportunity not only to learn, but also to collaborate with the institutions where I staged, developing procedures, support pamphlets and other initiatives. I reviewed the literature, adopted, and adapted scales, assisted, and performed nursing consultations, participated in multidisciplinary meetings, and performed questionnaires that validated satisfaction with the EC for people with IBD. In the end I hope to have fulfilled the purposes of my project: to implement CE for people with IBD, and to develop the necessary skills to be a Specialist Nurse and Master.
People with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) face daily challenges created by the symptoms of the disease, its impact on quality of life, treatments, and the possible malignancy of the disease. When caring for people with IBD for 12 years, I could see that, despite my efforts and the efforts of the nursing team, people with IBD showed lack of knowledge about the disease, its evolution, health promotion, self-care, and the importance to adhere to treatments. The readings I made of nursing literature, and the experiences I witnessed in the autonomous, and integrated participation of nurses in the multidisciplinary teams that treat these people, motivated me to the two main purposes of this work. The first and most important, as it has to do with the nurse's own identity, which is caring for people, was to improve the care of people with IBD, through the implementation of a systematized and structured nursing consultation (NC), based on the most up-to-date recommendations and evidence. The second purpose, related to my professional development, was to acquire knowledge and skills that were useful and justified my training as a Specialist Nurse and Master. Both purposes are interconnected since the training route is made throughout the process of planning and implementing the EC for the person with IBD. The theoretical model that founded my project was the self-care theory of nurse Dorothea Orem. Briefly, self-care is the set of activities performed by the person to maintain life, health, and well-being. Chronic illness and specially IBD lead to a self-care deficit. The nurse's intervention is essential and irreplaceable to enable or bring back person to self-care and ensure continuity of care for the person with IBD throughout the entire care process. To fulfill the purposes defined for my work, maintaining a focus on the prevention of colorectal cancer in people with IBD, I carried out a series of tasks following a demanding scientific process which is the project methodology, which includes the following phases: diagnosis of situation, definition of objectives, planning of activities, execution of activities, evaluation, and dissemination of results. I developed these phases of the process in the stages I performed, two of them in institutions where there are CE properly structured for people with IBD and the third in my institution, where I implemented the CE for people with IBD. During the stages I had the opportunity not only to learn, but also to collaborate with the institutions where I staged, developing procedures, support pamphlets and other initiatives. I reviewed the literature, adopted, and adapted scales, assisted, and performed nursing consultations, participated in multidisciplinary meetings, and performed questionnaires that validated satisfaction with the EC for people with IBD. In the end I hope to have fulfilled the purposes of my project: to implement CE for people with IBD, and to develop the necessary skills to be a Specialist Nurse and Master.
Description
Keywords
Enfermagem oncológica Neoplasias colorretais Prática avançada de enfermagem Promoção da saúde Autocuidado