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ReabilitaĆ§Ć£o oral em pacientes idosos
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Advisor(s)
Abstract(s)
Nos Ćŗltimos tempos, tem havido um rĆ”pido envelhecimento da populaĆ§Ć£o a nĆvel mundial. A saĆŗde oral, tem vindo entĆ£o a tornar-se cada vez mais importante nos idosos.
Esta transiĆ§Ć£o demogrĆ”fica global tem ocorrido maioritariamente devido Ć melhoria das
condiƧƵes de vida assim como o enorme progresso na Ɣrea da Medicina e de outras
Ć”reas da saĆŗde, fazendo com que a dentiĆ§Ć£o natural perdure por mais tempo, a esperanƧa mĆ©dia de vida aumente e que haja uma diminuiĆ§Ć£o das patologias orais. No entanto, estas ainda sĆ£o consideravelmente significativas.
As patologias orais nĆ£o atuam sozinhas nem sĆ£o derivadas apenas e exclusivamente da
idade em si, contudo, outros fatores como as doenƧas sistĆ©micas e a polimedicaĆ§Ć£o
contribuem de forma relevante para o desenvolvimento dessas patologias. NĆ£o obstante,
deparamo-nos muitas vezes perante pacientes que adquirem comportamentos, como o
tabagismo e o alcoolismo, potenciando desta forma muitas as doenƧas sistƩmicas e orais que estes pacientes jƔ acarretam.
A reabilitaĆ§Ć£o oral nestas faixas etĆ”rias acarreta uma grande importĆ¢ncia e um enorme
desafio, uma vez que a grande maioria possui um quadro clĆnico de doenƧa crĆ³nicodegenerativa, afetando a sua qualidade de vida e o curso normal de uma terapĆŖutica, quer seja a saĆŗde oral ou geral. Ć parte disto, a reabilitaĆ§Ć£o oral nĆ£o Ć© um processo simples, devendo considerar-se diversos aspectos, como fisiolĆ³gicos, patolĆ³gicos e psicolĆ³gicos. O envelhecimento, a hipossalivaĆ§Ć£o, a falta de destreza, a fragilidade dos tecidos, a reabsorĆ§Ć£o Ć³ssea, as alteraƧƵes dos tecidos de suporte e a aceitaĆ§Ć£o por parte do paciente sĆ£o aspetos relevantes a ter em atenĆ§Ć£o no uso regular de prĆ³teses dentĆ”rias.
Dentro da Ć”rea da ReabilitaĆ§Ć£o Oral existem variadas opƧƵes para reabilitar um paciente
idoso. Com esta tese, pretende-se fazer uma revisĆ£o bibliogrĆ”fica com o objectivo de
perceber quais as opƧƵes mais comuns.
Nowadays, the world population has been aging really fast and oral health has then become more and more important in the elderly people. This global demographic transition has been occurring majorly due to the improvement of living conditions, to the medicineĀ“s progress and other health areas, making the natural dentition last longer, the average life expectancy increase and also a decrease in oral pathologies. However, those are, still, considerably significant. Oral pathologies do not act on their own, nor are they a direct effect of age by themselves, however the presence of systemic diseases and multiple medication contribute significantly to their development. Nevertheless, we often face patients with behavioral risk factors, such as tobacco and alcohol consumption, thus enhancing many of the systemic and oral diseases these patients already have. Oral rehabilitation in these range of age, have a big importance and represent a huge challenge, because many of them suffer with chronic degenerative diseases, which often affect the quality of life of these individuals and change the normal course of a treatment, whether in general or oral health. Apart from this, oral rehabilitation is a complex process in which physiological, pathological and psychological aspects must be considered. Aging, changes in salivary flow, reduced motor coordination, bone reabsorption of the edge, tissue weakness, changes in support tissue and psychological adaptation are factors that interfere with the regular use of dental prostheses. Within the Oral Rehabilitation area there are several options for rehabilitate an elderly patient. With this thesis, it is intended to make a literature review to understand what the most common options are.
Nowadays, the world population has been aging really fast and oral health has then become more and more important in the elderly people. This global demographic transition has been occurring majorly due to the improvement of living conditions, to the medicineĀ“s progress and other health areas, making the natural dentition last longer, the average life expectancy increase and also a decrease in oral pathologies. However, those are, still, considerably significant. Oral pathologies do not act on their own, nor are they a direct effect of age by themselves, however the presence of systemic diseases and multiple medication contribute significantly to their development. Nevertheless, we often face patients with behavioral risk factors, such as tobacco and alcohol consumption, thus enhancing many of the systemic and oral diseases these patients already have. Oral rehabilitation in these range of age, have a big importance and represent a huge challenge, because many of them suffer with chronic degenerative diseases, which often affect the quality of life of these individuals and change the normal course of a treatment, whether in general or oral health. Apart from this, oral rehabilitation is a complex process in which physiological, pathological and psychological aspects must be considered. Aging, changes in salivary flow, reduced motor coordination, bone reabsorption of the edge, tissue weakness, changes in support tissue and psychological adaptation are factors that interfere with the regular use of dental prostheses. Within the Oral Rehabilitation area there are several options for rehabilitate an elderly patient. With this thesis, it is intended to make a literature review to understand what the most common options are.
Description
DissertaĆ§Ć£o para obtenĆ§Ć£o do grau de Mestre no Instituto UniversitĆ”rio Egas Moniz
Keywords
ReabilitaĆ§Ć£o oral Paciente idoso Odontogeriatria Medicina dentĆ”ria