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Abstract(s)
As capacidades detidas pelas Forças Armadas, associadas às características próprias da identidade militar, constituem uma mais valia singular em cenários complexos de assistência humanitária. Por essa razão, os militares têm vindo a ser solicitados com maior regularidade para essas missões, especialmente em resposta a catástrofes decorrentes de fenómenos meteorológicos extremos que, por consequência das alterações climáticas, têm sucedido mais frequentemente e com maior impacto nas populações e nos territórios atingidos.
Esta investigação tem por objetivo propor formas de otimização das capacidades das Forças Armadas portuguesas, para a resposta a situações de emergência e empenhamento em operações humanitárias, baseando-se em análise documental, entrevistas a entidades com conhecimento e experiência na temática e a estudos de caso, complementando os dados reunidos com informação sobre modelos militares de atuação nesta área em quatro países.
Como corolário do trabalho, propõe-se um conjunto de linhas de ação a desenvolver tendo em conta três vertentes: (1) a criação de uma unidade conjunta de apoio militar de emergência; (2) a aplicação, na maior extensão possível, do conceito de duplo uso; e (3) a consolidação das características intrínsecas das Forças Armadas, que constituem o pilar da sua atuação em qualquer cenário.
The capabilities held by the Armed Forces, combined with the characteristics of military identity, are a unique asset in complex humanitarian assistance scenarios. For this reason, the military has been appointed for these missions more regularly, especially in response to extreme weather events which, as a result of climate change, have occurred more frequently and have a stronger impact on the populations and affected territories. This investigation proposes ways of optimizing the capabilities of the Portuguese Armed Forces to respond to emergency situations and humanitarian operations. The research consisted of analyzing documentation, interviews with entities with knowledge and experience in the subject, and case studies. All these were complemented by data gathered with information on military models of action in this area in four countries. As a corollary of this work, a set of lines of action are suggested. These take into account three aspects: (1) the creation of a joint emergency military support unit; (2) the application in its largest possible extension of the dual-use concept; and (3) the improvement of the intrinsic characteristics of the Armed Forces that constitute the pillar of its performance in any scenario.
The capabilities held by the Armed Forces, combined with the characteristics of military identity, are a unique asset in complex humanitarian assistance scenarios. For this reason, the military has been appointed for these missions more regularly, especially in response to extreme weather events which, as a result of climate change, have occurred more frequently and have a stronger impact on the populations and affected territories. This investigation proposes ways of optimizing the capabilities of the Portuguese Armed Forces to respond to emergency situations and humanitarian operations. The research consisted of analyzing documentation, interviews with entities with knowledge and experience in the subject, and case studies. All these were complemented by data gathered with information on military models of action in this area in four countries. As a corollary of this work, a set of lines of action are suggested. These take into account three aspects: (1) the creation of a joint emergency military support unit; (2) the application in its largest possible extension of the dual-use concept; and (3) the improvement of the intrinsic characteristics of the Armed Forces that constitute the pillar of its performance in any scenario.
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Keywords
Forças Armadas Assistência humanitária Catástrofe Emergência Armed Forces Emergency response Humanitarian assistence Disaster relief