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Publication
Efeitos da xerostomia e hipossialia na população idosa
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Authors
Advisor(s)
Abstract(s)
Na população idosa várias doenças e condições severas estão associadas à redução
do fluxo salivar. A saliva tem um papel importante na manutenção da saúde oral. Por vezes não é dada a devida atenção à saliva, a não ser que esta esteja em falta. Quando há falta de saliva, são experienciados vários sintomas, que afetam e alteram a qualidade de vida das pessoas.
A xerostomia é definida como uma sensação subjetiva de boca seca, enquanto que, a
hipofunção das glândulas salivares corresponde a uma observação objetiva da redução do fluxo salivar. A etiologia da xerostomia e hipofunção das glândulas salivares inclui a
idade, doenças sistémicas, medicação, radioterapia da cabeça e pescoço, causas
iatrogénicas e idiopáticas. A falta de saliva pode provocar problemas a nível da saúde
oral, como aumento da incidência de gengivite, cáries, infeções fúngicas, podendo
provocar ainda dificuldades na fala, deglutição, mastigação e diminuição na capacidade
de retenção da prótese e dor.
Os médicos dentistas devem estar atentos em casos de boca seca nos idosos e como
tal devem estar preparados para fornecer um diagnóstico e proceder ao tratamento
adequado para proteger a saúde orofaríngea e a qualidade de vida do paciente.
In the elderly population, several diseases and conditions are associated with reduced salivary flow. Saliva plays an important role in maintaining oral health. Patients never realize how important is the value of saliva, unless it is missing. When saliva is missing, are experienced several symptoms, that affect and change the quality of life of the people. Xerostomia is defined as a subjective sensation of oral dryness, whereas the hypofunction of the salivary glands corresponds to an objective observation of the reduction of salivary flow. The etiology of xerostomia and hypofunction of the salivary glands includes age, systemic diseases, medication, radiotherapy of the head and neck, iatrogenic and idiopathic causes. The lack of saliva can cause problems in oral health such as increased incidence of gingivitis, dental caries, fungal infections, and may also cause difficulties in speech, swallowing, chewing and decreased ability to retain the prosthesis and pain. Dental clinicians should be alert in cases of dry mouth in the elderly and as such should be prepared to provide a diagnosis and appropriate treatment to protect the oropharyngeal health and quality of life of the patient.
In the elderly population, several diseases and conditions are associated with reduced salivary flow. Saliva plays an important role in maintaining oral health. Patients never realize how important is the value of saliva, unless it is missing. When saliva is missing, are experienced several symptoms, that affect and change the quality of life of the people. Xerostomia is defined as a subjective sensation of oral dryness, whereas the hypofunction of the salivary glands corresponds to an objective observation of the reduction of salivary flow. The etiology of xerostomia and hypofunction of the salivary glands includes age, systemic diseases, medication, radiotherapy of the head and neck, iatrogenic and idiopathic causes. The lack of saliva can cause problems in oral health such as increased incidence of gingivitis, dental caries, fungal infections, and may also cause difficulties in speech, swallowing, chewing and decreased ability to retain the prosthesis and pain. Dental clinicians should be alert in cases of dry mouth in the elderly and as such should be prepared to provide a diagnosis and appropriate treatment to protect the oropharyngeal health and quality of life of the patient.
Description
Dissertação para obtenção do grau de Mestre no Instituto Universitário Egas Moniz
Keywords
Idoso Hipossialia Xerostomia Saliva