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Publication
A decisão na ordem de paragem: estudo sobre a tomada de decisão em agentes da PSP
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| 1.47 MB | Adobe PDF |
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Abstract(s)
A tomada de decisão é algo que está subjacente ao dia-a-dia de qualquer pessoa. Para escolher, para optar, as pessoas têm de decidir, um processo que parece simples, mas que, no entanto, é de elevada complexidade e alvo de estudo ao longo dos anos. O mundo está repleto de condições adversas que limitam e constrangem a capacidade do Homem tomar decisões ótimas. Assim, os decisores recorrem a estratégias que lhes permitem decidir entre alternativas lidando com todos estes constrangimentos. As decisões deixam de ser ótimas e passam a ser satisfatórias, mas tomadas em tempo útil e sem recurso a muita informação. Os polícias também tomam decisões, e também sofrem dos mesmos constrangimentos do cidadão comum, e mais alguns inerentes à profissão que exercem. Atuam em ambientes complexos, por vezes hostis e estão constantemente sob escrutínio social e político. O presente trabalho enquadra-se no âmbito da Linha de Investigação do Laboratório de Grandes Eventos do Instituto Superior de Ciências Policiais e Segurança Interna, sobre tomada de decisão e atividade policial. O estudo pretende perceber como os polícias decidem a que viaturas dar ordem de paragem numa operação de fiscalização de trânsito, desmistificando o processo cognitivo adotado. Realizou-se uma simulação de uma operação de fiscalização e os dados foram obtidos com recurso à técnica pensar alto estimulado retrospetivamente e uma entrevista realizada a 26 polícias masculinos muito experientes. Os dados obtidos foram posteriormente analisados, tendo sido realizados estudos comparativos recorrendo aos resultados de Ratinho (2105) e Rocha (2016). Procurou-se perceber o impacto que locais diferentes ou a familiarização com a tarefa podem ter com o processo de tomada de decisão.
Decision-making is something that underlies every person's day-to-day life. To choose, to make options, people have to decide, a process that seems simple but which, however, is of high complexity and has been the subject of study over the years. The world is full of adverse conditions that limit and constrain man's ability to make optimal decisions. So decision makers use strategies that would allow them to decide between alternatives while dealing with all these constraints. Decisions aren't optimal no more instead are satisfactory, but taken in a timely manner and without much information. Police officers also make decisions, and also suffer from the same constraints as ordinary citizens, and a few more inherent to their profession. They work in complex environments sometimes hostile and are constantly under social and political scrutiny. The present study fits in the Research Line of the Major Events Laboratory of the Higher Institute of Police Sciences and Internal Security on decision making and police activity. The study intends to understand how the police decide which vehicles to order a stop in a traffic police checkpoint, dismistifying the cognitive process adopted. A simulation of a police traffic operation was carried out and the data were obtained using the stimulated retrospective think aloud technique and an interview to 26 highly experienced police officers. The data obtained were later analyzed, and comparative studies were performed using the results of Ratinho (2105) and Rocha (2016). We seek to realize the impact that different locations or familiarization with the task may have on the decision-making process in very experienced police officers.
Decision-making is something that underlies every person's day-to-day life. To choose, to make options, people have to decide, a process that seems simple but which, however, is of high complexity and has been the subject of study over the years. The world is full of adverse conditions that limit and constrain man's ability to make optimal decisions. So decision makers use strategies that would allow them to decide between alternatives while dealing with all these constraints. Decisions aren't optimal no more instead are satisfactory, but taken in a timely manner and without much information. Police officers also make decisions, and also suffer from the same constraints as ordinary citizens, and a few more inherent to their profession. They work in complex environments sometimes hostile and are constantly under social and political scrutiny. The present study fits in the Research Line of the Major Events Laboratory of the Higher Institute of Police Sciences and Internal Security on decision making and police activity. The study intends to understand how the police decide which vehicles to order a stop in a traffic police checkpoint, dismistifying the cognitive process adopted. A simulation of a police traffic operation was carried out and the data were obtained using the stimulated retrospective think aloud technique and an interview to 26 highly experienced police officers. The data obtained were later analyzed, and comparative studies were performed using the results of Ratinho (2105) and Rocha (2016). We seek to realize the impact that different locations or familiarization with the task may have on the decision-making process in very experienced police officers.
Description
Keywords
Polícia Atividade Policial Tomada de Decisão Trânsito