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Avaliação do conhecimento, atitude, prática em saúde oral e índice CPOD entre pacientes da clínica universitária Egas Moniz
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Abstract(s)
INTRODUÇÃO: A saúde oral é uma componente fundamental da saúde geral e do bem-estar individual. O conhecimento, atitudes e práticas (CAP) dos indivíduos influenciam muitas vezes os comportamentos preventivos e os resultados clínicos dos mesmos. Neste contexto, o índice CPOD (Dentes Cariados, Perdidos e Obturados) é amplamente utilizado como indicador da saúde oral em amostras populacionais. Assim, este estudo teve como objetivo analisar a relação entre os níveis de CAP em saúde oral e o índice CPOD em pacientes da Clínica Universitária Egas Moniz. MATERIAIS E MÉTODOS: Foi realizado um estudo observacional, transversal e descritivo com componente correlacional, entre outubro de 2024 e fevereiro de 2025. A amostra incluiu 513 adultos que frequentaram a consulta de triagem da Clínica Universitária Egas Moniz. A recolha de dados foi feita através de um questionário digital estruturado com 15 questões de escolha múltipla seguida de uma avaliação clínica do índice CPOD. A análise estatística foi conduzida com o software SPSS, com testes do qui-quadrado e ANOVA, com um nível de significância de p ≤ 0,05. RESULTADOS: Os participantes demonstraram um bom nível de conhecimento sobre saúde oral, onde a maioria reconhece a relação entre dieta, escovagem, e prevenção da cárie. Os dados revelaram diferenças significativas nas práticas de higiene oral conforme o género, a idade e o nível de escolaridade. Constatou-se ainda que níveis mais elevados de literacia estavam associados a um CPOD mais baixo, apoiando a hipótese de uma relação estatisticamente significativa entre as variáveis estudadas. CONCLUSÃO: A análise dos dados confirma que o conhecimento e as práticas de saúde oral influenciam diretamente os indicadores clínicos, nomeadamente o índice CPOD. O estudo destaca a importância da literacia em saúde oral como fator protetor e reforça a necessidade de políticas educativas mais eficazes para diminuir as desigualdades.
INTRODUCTION: Oral health is a fundamental component of general health and individual well-being. Individual knowledge, attitudes, and practices (KAP) often influence preventive behaviors and clinical outcomes. In this context, the DMFT index (Decayed, Missing, and Filled Teeth) is widely used as an indicator of oral health in population samples. This study aimed to analyze the relationship between KAP levels in oral health and the DMFT index among patients attending the Egas Moniz University Clinic. MATERIALS AND METHODS: An observational, cross-sectional, and descriptive study with a correlational component was conducted between October 2024 and February 2025. The sample included 513 adult patients who attended Egas Moniz Dental Clinic for the first time. Data collection was carried out through a structured digital questionnaire comprising 15 multiple-choice questions, followed by a clinical evaluation of the DMFT index. Statistical analysis was performed using SPSS software, applying chi-square and ANOVA tests, with a significance level of p ≤ 0.05. RESULTS: Participants demonstrated a good level of knowledge regarding oral health, with most recognizing the link between diet, brushing habits, and caries prevention. However, shortcomings were observed in both attitudes and practices. The data revealed significant differences in hygiene practices according to gender, age, and educational level. Additionally, higher levels of health literacy were associated with lower DMFT scores, supporting the hypothesis of a statistically significant relationship between the studied variables. CONCLUSION: Data analysis confirms that oral health knowledge and practices directly influence clinical indicators, particularly the DMFT index. The study highlights the importance of oral health literacy as a protective factor and reinforces the need for more effective educational policies to reduce health disparities.
INTRODUCTION: Oral health is a fundamental component of general health and individual well-being. Individual knowledge, attitudes, and practices (KAP) often influence preventive behaviors and clinical outcomes. In this context, the DMFT index (Decayed, Missing, and Filled Teeth) is widely used as an indicator of oral health in population samples. This study aimed to analyze the relationship between KAP levels in oral health and the DMFT index among patients attending the Egas Moniz University Clinic. MATERIALS AND METHODS: An observational, cross-sectional, and descriptive study with a correlational component was conducted between October 2024 and February 2025. The sample included 513 adult patients who attended Egas Moniz Dental Clinic for the first time. Data collection was carried out through a structured digital questionnaire comprising 15 multiple-choice questions, followed by a clinical evaluation of the DMFT index. Statistical analysis was performed using SPSS software, applying chi-square and ANOVA tests, with a significance level of p ≤ 0.05. RESULTS: Participants demonstrated a good level of knowledge regarding oral health, with most recognizing the link between diet, brushing habits, and caries prevention. However, shortcomings were observed in both attitudes and practices. The data revealed significant differences in hygiene practices according to gender, age, and educational level. Additionally, higher levels of health literacy were associated with lower DMFT scores, supporting the hypothesis of a statistically significant relationship between the studied variables. CONCLUSION: Data analysis confirms that oral health knowledge and practices directly influence clinical indicators, particularly the DMFT index. The study highlights the importance of oral health literacy as a protective factor and reinforces the need for more effective educational policies to reduce health disparities.
Description
Dissertação para obtenção do grau de Mestre no Instituto Universitário Egas Moniz
Keywords
Índice CPOD Saúde pública oral Conhecimento Atitudes