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Plantas Exóticas Invasoras na Sub-região do Médio Tejo: Caracterização e Propostas de Medidas de Gestão
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Abstract(s)
A fauna e a flora existentes na terra estão distribuídas de forma livre o que traduz a opção geográfica das espécies nos locais onde estas melhor se adaptam e se tornam nativas, sem ação antropogénica. Inusitadamente, por razões económicas, sociais ou mera curiosidade, as espécies nativas de determinadas regiões do globo acabam por ser transportadas e atingem outros continentes e regiões. Na europa, e em Portugal em particular, por vários motivos, tem surgido a introdução de espécies exóticas oriundas dos quatro cantos do mundo, principalmente da Austrália, América ou Ásia, que mais tarde se começa a perceber que têm um comportamento invasor.Desde o século passado que alguns académicos e cientistas têm vindo a aprofundar conhecimento científico na área das espécies invasoras e, já na década de 90, Portugal deu os primeiros passos para tentar travar esta problemática ao legislar o reconhecimento de espécies não indígenas e impor regras de disseminação ou libertação nos habitats naturais. Em 2014 a União Europeia também legisla no sentido de serem reconhecidas espécies exóticas invasoras e Portugal reformula a legislação em 2019 onde passa a reconhecer espécies exóticas invasoras e estabelece regras de controlo, detenção, introdução e repovoamentos de plantas exóticas, além de uma extensa lista de espécies invasoras.Este trabalho visa caracterizar e propor medidas de gestão de plantas exóticas invasoras na sub-região do Médio Tejo. Além da caracterização biofísica do território, vai ser efetuado um levantamento georreferenciado de plantas invasoras e assim poder concluir algumas evidências ecológicas das espécies, ou outras evidências que se consigam apurar com os resultados obtidos. Os municípios desta área geográfica também foram inquiridos no sentido de perceber a sua posição e atuação no território, respeitante à gestão das plantas invasoras.Conseguem-se obter resultados detalhados e elaborar uma proposta de medidas de gestão para as plantas invasoras.
The fauna and flora that exist on earth are freely distributed, which means that species have chosen the geographical locations where they best adapt and become native, without anthropogenic action. Unusually, for economic or social reasons or mere curiosity, species native to certain regions of the globe end up being transported to other continents and regions. In Europe, and in Portugal in particular, for various reasons, there has been the introduction of exotic species from the four corners of the world, mainly from Australia, America or Asia, which later began to be seen as having an invasive behaviour.Since the last century, some academics and scientists have been developing scientific knowledge in the area of invasive species and, back in the 1990s, Portugal took the first steps to try to curb this problem by legislating to recognise non-indigenous species and imposing rules on their dissemination or release into natural habitats. In 2014, the European Union also legislated to recognise invasive alien species and Portugal reformed its legislation in 2019, recognising invasive alien species and establishing rules for the control, detention, introduction and repopulation of alien plants, as well as an extensive list of invasive species.This work aims to characterise and propose management measures for invasive exotic plants in the Médio Tejo sub-region. In addition to the biophysical characterisation of the territory, a georeferenced survey of invasive plants will be carried out in order to conclude some ecological evidence of the species, or other evidence that can be ascertained from the results obtained. The municipalities in this geographical area were also surveyed in order to understand their position and actions in the territory regarding the management of invasive plants.Detailed results were obtained and a proposal for management measures for invasive plants was drawn up.
The fauna and flora that exist on earth are freely distributed, which means that species have chosen the geographical locations where they best adapt and become native, without anthropogenic action. Unusually, for economic or social reasons or mere curiosity, species native to certain regions of the globe end up being transported to other continents and regions. In Europe, and in Portugal in particular, for various reasons, there has been the introduction of exotic species from the four corners of the world, mainly from Australia, America or Asia, which later began to be seen as having an invasive behaviour.Since the last century, some academics and scientists have been developing scientific knowledge in the area of invasive species and, back in the 1990s, Portugal took the first steps to try to curb this problem by legislating to recognise non-indigenous species and imposing rules on their dissemination or release into natural habitats. In 2014, the European Union also legislated to recognise invasive alien species and Portugal reformed its legislation in 2019, recognising invasive alien species and establishing rules for the control, detention, introduction and repopulation of alien plants, as well as an extensive list of invasive species.This work aims to characterise and propose management measures for invasive exotic plants in the Médio Tejo sub-region. In addition to the biophysical characterisation of the territory, a georeferenced survey of invasive plants will be carried out in order to conclude some ecological evidence of the species, or other evidence that can be ascertained from the results obtained. The municipalities in this geographical area were also surveyed in order to understand their position and actions in the territory regarding the management of invasive plants.Detailed results were obtained and a proposal for management measures for invasive plants was drawn up.
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Keywords
ciclo de gestão gestão de plantas invasoras incêndios rurais métodos de controlo