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Fadiga por Compaixão e Felicidade no Trabalho: Estudo com Profissionais de Serviços de Oncologia
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Abstract(s)
A organização do trabalho e as características inerentes ao exercício profissional em oncologia têm impacto na saúde e no bem-estar dos profissionais dessa área. Riscos psicossociais, como a Fadiga por Compaixão, apresentam desafios significativos tanto para a saúde destes profissionais, quanto para a sustentabilidade das instituições. Em contextos de oncologia, a Felicidade no Trabalho, reflete um equilíbrio nas diversas esferas da vida, sendo crucial para a saúde global do trabalhador.
Este estudo, integrado no Health Work International Project (Escola Superior de Enfermagem do Porto/Centro de Investigação em Tecnologias e Serviços de Saúde e da Rede de Investigação em Saúde), e desenvolvido em contexto de oncologia, teve como objetivos: identificar os níveis de Fadiga por Compaixão dos profissionais de saúde; analisar a relação entre a Fadiga por Compaixão e as variáveis sociodemográficas e profissionais; identificar os níveis de Felicidade no Trabalho; analisar a relação entre a Felicidade no Trabalho e as variáveis sociodemográficas e profissionais; e analisar a associação entre a Fadiga por Compaixão e Felicidade no Trabalho.
Realizou-se um estudo descritivo, correlacional e transversal, com uma amostra de conveniência, representada por 285 enfermeiros e assistentes operacionais de um hospital da região norte de Portugal. O instrumento de recolha de dados integrou a caracterização sociodemográfica e profissional, a Professional Quality of Life Scale (Stamm, 2010; Carvalho & Sá, 2011) e a Shorted Happiness at Work Scale (Salas-Valina & Alegre, 2018; Feitor et al., 2023).
Dos resultados salientam-se os valores moderados de Satisfação por Compaixão e Fadiga por Compaixão; a Fadiga por Compaixão foi influenciada pela idade, atividades de lazer, estado civil, sexo, serviço, categoria profissional, experiência profissional total e no serviço atual, vínculo profissional (parciais) e horário de trabalho. Encontraram-se ainda, níveis moderados de Felicidade no Trabalho, obtendo-se médias superiores na dimensão Engagement e na Satisfação com o Trabalho médias mais baixas. A Felicidade no Trabalho, revelou associação do Engagement com a idade, estado civil (parciais), habilitações literárias e serviço (parciais), carreira, categoria profissional, experiência profissional total e no serviço atual, horário de trabalho e pluriemprego. A dimensão Satisfação com o Trabalho com a idade, estado civil (parciais), categoria profissional, experiência profissional total e no serviço atual, vínculo profissional e horário de trabalho. E, o Compromisso Organizacional Afetivo com a idade, habilitações literárias, carreira, serviço, categoria profissional, experiência profissional total e no serviço atual, horário de trabalho e pluriemprego. A relação entre a Fadiga por Compaixão e a Felicidade no Trabalho foi estatisticamente significativa em todas as dimensões, exceto na associação entre Compromisso Organizacional Afetivo e Stresse Traumático Secundário, que se revelaram independentes.
Com base nos resultados, é essencial capacitar os profissionais para reconhecer a Fadiga por Compaixão e fomentar a Felicidade no Trabalho. Destaca-se, neste contexto, o papel dos enfermeiros gestores na implementação de estratégias que promovam a saúde dos profissionais, alinhado com as orientações da Organização Mundial de Saúde para ambientes de trabalho saudáveis e as competências estabelecidas pela Ordem dos Enfermeiros
The organization of work and the inherent characteristics of professional practice in oncology have an impact on the health and well-being of professionals in this area. Psychosocial risks, such as Compassion Fatigue, present significant challenges both for the health of these professionals and for the sustainability of institutions. In oncology contexts, Happiness at Work reflects a balance in the various spheres of life and is crucial to the overall health of the worker. This study, which is part of the Health Work International Project (Escola Superior de Enfermagem do Porto/Centro de Investigação em Tecnologias e Serviços de Saúde e da Rede de Investigação em Saúde) and was carried out in an oncology setting, had the following objectives: to identify the levels of Compassion Fatigue among health professionals; to analyze the relationship between Compassion Fatigue and sociodemographic and professional variables; to identify the levels of Happiness at Work; to analyze the relationship between Happiness at Work and sociodemographic and professional variables and to analyze the association between Compassion Fatigue and Happiness at Work. A descriptive, correlational and cross-sectional study was carried out with a convenience sample of 285 nurses and operational assistants from a hospital in the north of Portugal. The data collection instrument included sociodemographic and professional characterization, the Professional Quality of Life Scale (Stamm, 2010; Carvalho & Sá, 2011) and the Shorted Happiness at Work Scale (Salas-Valina & Alegre, 2018; Feitor et al., 2023;). The results show moderate values for Compassion Satisfaction and Compassion Fatigue; Compassion Fatigue was influenced by age, leisure activities, marital status, gender, service, professional category, total professional experience and current service, professional relationship (partial) and working hours. Moderate levels of Happiness at Work were also found, with higher averages in the Engagement dimension and lower averages in Job Satisfaction. The FT revealed an association between Engagement and age, marital status (partial), academic qualifications and service (partial), career, professional category, total professional experience and current professional experience, working hours and multiple jobs. Job Satisfaction with age, marital status (partial), professional category, total professional experience and experience in the current job, professional relationship and working hours. And, Affective Organizational Commitment with age, educational qualifications, career, service, professional category, total professional experience and in the current service, working hours and multi-employment. The relationship between Compassion Fatigue and Happiness at Work was statistically significant in all dimensions, except for the association between Affective Organizational Commitment and Secondary Traumatic Stress, which proved to be independent. Based on the results, it is essential to train professionals to recognize Compassion Fatigue and foster Happiness at Work. In this context, the role of nurse managers in implementing strategies that promote the health of professionals stands out, in line with the guidelines of the World Health Organization for healthy work environments and the competencies established by the Order of Nurses.
The organization of work and the inherent characteristics of professional practice in oncology have an impact on the health and well-being of professionals in this area. Psychosocial risks, such as Compassion Fatigue, present significant challenges both for the health of these professionals and for the sustainability of institutions. In oncology contexts, Happiness at Work reflects a balance in the various spheres of life and is crucial to the overall health of the worker. This study, which is part of the Health Work International Project (Escola Superior de Enfermagem do Porto/Centro de Investigação em Tecnologias e Serviços de Saúde e da Rede de Investigação em Saúde) and was carried out in an oncology setting, had the following objectives: to identify the levels of Compassion Fatigue among health professionals; to analyze the relationship between Compassion Fatigue and sociodemographic and professional variables; to identify the levels of Happiness at Work; to analyze the relationship between Happiness at Work and sociodemographic and professional variables and to analyze the association between Compassion Fatigue and Happiness at Work. A descriptive, correlational and cross-sectional study was carried out with a convenience sample of 285 nurses and operational assistants from a hospital in the north of Portugal. The data collection instrument included sociodemographic and professional characterization, the Professional Quality of Life Scale (Stamm, 2010; Carvalho & Sá, 2011) and the Shorted Happiness at Work Scale (Salas-Valina & Alegre, 2018; Feitor et al., 2023;). The results show moderate values for Compassion Satisfaction and Compassion Fatigue; Compassion Fatigue was influenced by age, leisure activities, marital status, gender, service, professional category, total professional experience and current service, professional relationship (partial) and working hours. Moderate levels of Happiness at Work were also found, with higher averages in the Engagement dimension and lower averages in Job Satisfaction. The FT revealed an association between Engagement and age, marital status (partial), academic qualifications and service (partial), career, professional category, total professional experience and current professional experience, working hours and multiple jobs. Job Satisfaction with age, marital status (partial), professional category, total professional experience and experience in the current job, professional relationship and working hours. And, Affective Organizational Commitment with age, educational qualifications, career, service, professional category, total professional experience and in the current service, working hours and multi-employment. The relationship between Compassion Fatigue and Happiness at Work was statistically significant in all dimensions, except for the association between Affective Organizational Commitment and Secondary Traumatic Stress, which proved to be independent. Based on the results, it is essential to train professionals to recognize Compassion Fatigue and foster Happiness at Work. In this context, the role of nurse managers in implementing strategies that promote the health of professionals stands out, in line with the guidelines of the World Health Organization for healthy work environments and the competencies established by the Order of Nurses.
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Keywords
Fadiga por Compaixão Felicidade Profissionais de Saúde Gestão de pessoas Saúde Ocupacional