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Abstract(s)
As Ameaças Híbridas atuam através da combinação e sincronização dos seus instrumentos de poder, numa afetação multidimensional de um determinado alvo. Fruto da conectividade global, o ciberespaço materializa-se como o espaço de batalha onde as Ameaças Híbridas proliferam e catalisam a sua atividade, num racional difuso e de difícil detetabilidade. A Rússia é um ator que atua neste quadro de ação e potencia-se pelo estado de conflito permanente.
Assim, o presente trabalho estuda a aplicação russa de Ameaça Híbrida, propondo um possível modelo de utilização do ciberespaço.
Assente num raciocínio indutivo e numa estratégia qualitativa, baseado num estudo de caso, efetuou-se uma análise documental, permitindo consolidar os indicadores, através da realização de entrevistas a especialistas.
Como principais resultados obtidos, constata-se a atuação russa no ciberespaço, mormente nos conflitos Russo-Georgiano e Russo-Ucraniano, através do uso sincronizado de ferramentas, numa matriz conducente com o seu conceito doutrinário.
Através de um modelo conceptual cientificamente validado, conclui-se que a Rússia atua no ciberespaço, através do uso predominante de dez ferramentas, afetando transversalmente todos os domínios do seu adversário, num espectro de atuação abrangente, sendo sentido com maior preponderância as fases não cinéticas do seu quadro doutrinário, num racional de preparação e desestabilização.
Hybrid Threats act through the combination and synchronization of their instruments of power, in a multidimensional affectation of a given target. As a result of global connectivity, cyberspace is the battle space where Hybrid Threats proliferate and catalyse their activity, in a diffuse and undetectable environment. Russia is an actor that operates in this framework and is empowered by the state of permanent conflict. Thus, this paper studies the Russian application of Hybrid Threat, proposing a possible model for the use of cyberspace. Based on an inductive approach and a qualitative strategy, based on a case study, the reference documents analysis was carried out, allowing the consolidation of indicators, through interviews with experts. The main results obtained show Russian action in cyberspace, especially in the Russo-Georgian and Russo-Ukrainian conflicts, through the synchronized use of tools, in a matrix consistent with its doctrinal concept. Based on a scientifically validated conceptual model, it is concluded that Russia acts in cyberspace through the predominant use of ten tools, transversely affecting all domains of its adversary, in a wide-ranging spectrum of action, being felt with greater preponderance the non-kinetic phases of its doctrinal framework, in a priming and destabilization logic.
Hybrid Threats act through the combination and synchronization of their instruments of power, in a multidimensional affectation of a given target. As a result of global connectivity, cyberspace is the battle space where Hybrid Threats proliferate and catalyse their activity, in a diffuse and undetectable environment. Russia is an actor that operates in this framework and is empowered by the state of permanent conflict. Thus, this paper studies the Russian application of Hybrid Threat, proposing a possible model for the use of cyberspace. Based on an inductive approach and a qualitative strategy, based on a case study, the reference documents analysis was carried out, allowing the consolidation of indicators, through interviews with experts. The main results obtained show Russian action in cyberspace, especially in the Russo-Georgian and Russo-Ukrainian conflicts, through the synchronized use of tools, in a matrix consistent with its doctrinal concept. Based on a scientifically validated conceptual model, it is concluded that Russia acts in cyberspace through the predominant use of ten tools, transversely affecting all domains of its adversary, in a wide-ranging spectrum of action, being felt with greater preponderance the non-kinetic phases of its doctrinal framework, in a priming and destabilization logic.
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Keywords
Ameaças híbridas Rússia Doutrina Ciberespaço Conflito Russo-Georgiano Conflito Russo-Ucraniano Hybrid threats Doctrine Cyberspace Russian-Georgian Conflict Russian-Ukrainian Conflict