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A avaliação do potencial terapêutico dos probióticos no tratamento de doenças intestinais : uma análise comparativa de formulações medicinais e nutracêuticas
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Abstract(s)
A avaliação do potencial terapêutico dos probióticos no tratamento de doenças inflamatórias intestinais (DII) tem recebido crescente destaque nos últimos anos. Os probióticos são microrganismos vivos que, quando administrados em quantidades adequadas, podem beneficiar a saúde do hospedeiro, sobretudo pelo impacto positivo no microbioma intestinal. Existem dois tipos principais de formulações: medicinais e nutracêuticas. As formulações medicinais, devido ao rigoroso controlo de qualidade, apresentam maior potencial de segurança no tratamento das DII, enquanto as nutracêuticas são mais acessíveis e, por isso, mais conhecidas. Contudo, a evidência clínica sobre o impacto dos probióticos nas DII permanece limitada em ambas as formulações.
O objetivo principal deste trabalho foi contribuir para clarificar o papel dos probióticos no tratamento e prevenção das DII. Os objetivos específicos foram: 1) analisar o papel dos probióticos na prevenção e tratamento das DII; e 2) avaliar o impacto das formulações medicinais e nutracêuticas, no contexto terapêutico e preventivo destas doenças.
Para a elaboração desta revisão narrativa, foram analisados cerca de 111 artigos publicados entre 2019 e 2025, consultados nas bases de dados PubMed, ScienceDirect, NCBI, Cochrane Library e nas guidelines da WGO. Os resultados mostraram que os probióticos em formulações medicinais apresentam potencial terapêutico relevante, mas a sua eficácia depende de fatores como a estirpe utilizada e o perfil individual do doente. Já as formulações nutracêuticas mostraram limitações relacionadas à padronização e ao rigor científico. Em geral, a literatura apresenta resultados contraditórios: alguns estudos reportam benefícios na regulação da microbiota, redução da inflamação e melhoria dos sintomas, enquanto outros não confirmam vantagens significativas, apontando respostas variáveis entre indivíduos e limitações metodológicas.
Conclui-se que os probióticos apresentam potencial terapêutico promissor, mas a sua utilização deve ser avaliada de forma critica e personalizada. Torna-se essencial a realização de ensaios clínicos multicêntricos e padronizados que clarifiquem o seu papel no tratamento e prevenção das DII.
In recent years, the therapeutic potential of probiotics in the treatment of inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD) has received increasing attention. Probiotics are live microorganisms which, when consumed in sufficient quantities, can promote the health of the host, primarily by positively impacting the gut microbiome. There are two main types of probiotic formulation: medical and nutraceutical. Due to their strict quality control, medical formulations offer greater potential safety in the management of IBD, whereas nutraceutical formulations are more widely known due to their accessibility. However, clinical evidence regarding the impact of probiotics on IBD remains limited for both types of formulation. The main objective of this study was to clarify the role of probiotics in the treatment and prevention of IBD. The specific objectives were: 1) analysing the role of probiotics in preventing and treating IBD, and 2) evaluating the impact of medical and nutraceutical probiotic formulations in this context, For this narrative review, approximately 111 articles published between 2019 and 2025 were analysed and retrieved from PubMed, ScienceDirect, NCBI, the Cochrane Library and the WGO guidelines. The results showed that medical probiotic formulations have significant therapeutic potential, but their effectiveness depends on factors such as the strain used and the patient's individual profile. In contrast, nutraceutical formulations revealed limitations related to standardisation and scientific rigour. Contradictory findings were reported in the literature: while some studies highlighted benefits in microbiota regulation, reduction of inflammation, and symptom improvement, others showed no significant advantages, pointing to variable individual responses and methodological limitations. In conclusion, probiotics demonstrate promising therapeutic potential, but their use must be critically assessed on a case-by-case basis. Further multicentre, standardised clinical trials are needed.
In recent years, the therapeutic potential of probiotics in the treatment of inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD) has received increasing attention. Probiotics are live microorganisms which, when consumed in sufficient quantities, can promote the health of the host, primarily by positively impacting the gut microbiome. There are two main types of probiotic formulation: medical and nutraceutical. Due to their strict quality control, medical formulations offer greater potential safety in the management of IBD, whereas nutraceutical formulations are more widely known due to their accessibility. However, clinical evidence regarding the impact of probiotics on IBD remains limited for both types of formulation. The main objective of this study was to clarify the role of probiotics in the treatment and prevention of IBD. The specific objectives were: 1) analysing the role of probiotics in preventing and treating IBD, and 2) evaluating the impact of medical and nutraceutical probiotic formulations in this context, For this narrative review, approximately 111 articles published between 2019 and 2025 were analysed and retrieved from PubMed, ScienceDirect, NCBI, the Cochrane Library and the WGO guidelines. The results showed that medical probiotic formulations have significant therapeutic potential, but their effectiveness depends on factors such as the strain used and the patient's individual profile. In contrast, nutraceutical formulations revealed limitations related to standardisation and scientific rigour. Contradictory findings were reported in the literature: while some studies highlighted benefits in microbiota regulation, reduction of inflammation, and symptom improvement, others showed no significant advantages, pointing to variable individual responses and methodological limitations. In conclusion, probiotics demonstrate promising therapeutic potential, but their use must be critically assessed on a case-by-case basis. Further multicentre, standardised clinical trials are needed.
Description
Dissertação para obtenção do grau de Mestre no Instituto Universitário Egas Moniz
Keywords
Probióticos Doenças inflamatórias intestinais Microbiota intestinal Formulações medicinai Nutracêuticos