Loading...
Publication
Transmissão vertical e horizontal de bactérias periodontopatogénicas
| Name: | Description: | Size: | Format: | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1.11 MB | Adobe PDF |
Authors
Advisor(s)
Abstract(s)
A periodontite é uma doença inflamatória crónica que leva à destruição dos tecidos de suporte dos dentes, muitas vezes causada pela acumulação de bactérias patogénicas na cavidade oral.
Porphyromonas gingivalis e Aggregatibacter Actinomycetemcomitans são duas espécies bacterianas patogénicas com capacidade de persistir em bolsas periodontais, evadir as defesas imunológicas do hospedeiro e destruir os tecidos de suporte dentário.
Estas bactérias podem ser transmitidas verticalmente (de pais para filhos) ou horizontalmente (entre adultos), e esta propagação desempenha um papel crucial na distribuição das infeções periodontais nas famílias e comunidades.
Com base nessas premissas, o objetivo desta monografia foi pesquisar evidência atualizada sobre a transmissão de bactérias periodontopatogénicas, quer por via vertical quer horizontal.
Estudos mostram que a coocorrência da mesma estirpe de P. gingivalis entre membros da mesma família varia entre 42% e 62%, sugerindo uma transmissão intrafamiliar significativa. Da mesma forma, também há evidência de que A. Actinomycetemcomitans pode ser transmitido entre cônjuges e outros membros da
família.
As consequências da transmissão destes agentes patogénicos foram abordadas em vários estudos. Concluindo-se que estas bactérias podem persistir em equilíbrio com o hospedeiro e o biofilme, permanecendo durante muito tempo numa pessoa saudável sem causar a destruição imediata do periodonto. No entanto, a presença de A. Actinomycetemcomitans e P. gingivalis é considerada um fator de risco para infeções periodontais recorrentes e doença peri-implantar.
Periodontitis is a chronic inflammatory disease that leads to the destruction of the supporting tissues of the teeth, often caused by the accumulation of pathogenic bacteria in the oral cavity. Porphyromonas gingivalis and Aggregatibacter Actinomycetemcomitans are known for their high virulence and ability to persist in periodontal pockets, evade the host's immune defenses and destroy dental supporting tissues. These bacteria can be transmitted vertically (from parents to children) or horizontally (between adults), and this spread plays a crucial role in the distribution of periodontal infections in families and communities. Studies show that the co-occurrence of P. gingivalis among members of the same family ranges from 42% to 62%, with genetic concordance observed in around 35% of cases, suggesting significant intra-familial transmission. Similarly, A. Actinomycetemcomitans can be transmitted between spouses and other family members, accounting for between 14% and 60% of infections in family settings. The consequences of the transmission of these pathogens are also examined. These bacteria can persist in equilibrium with the host and the biofilm, remaining for a long time in a healthy person without causing immediate destruction of the periodontium. However, the presence of P. gingivalis and A. Actinomycetemcomitans is considered a risk factor for recurrent periodontal infections and peri-implant disease.
Periodontitis is a chronic inflammatory disease that leads to the destruction of the supporting tissues of the teeth, often caused by the accumulation of pathogenic bacteria in the oral cavity. Porphyromonas gingivalis and Aggregatibacter Actinomycetemcomitans are known for their high virulence and ability to persist in periodontal pockets, evade the host's immune defenses and destroy dental supporting tissues. These bacteria can be transmitted vertically (from parents to children) or horizontally (between adults), and this spread plays a crucial role in the distribution of periodontal infections in families and communities. Studies show that the co-occurrence of P. gingivalis among members of the same family ranges from 42% to 62%, with genetic concordance observed in around 35% of cases, suggesting significant intra-familial transmission. Similarly, A. Actinomycetemcomitans can be transmitted between spouses and other family members, accounting for between 14% and 60% of infections in family settings. The consequences of the transmission of these pathogens are also examined. These bacteria can persist in equilibrium with the host and the biofilm, remaining for a long time in a healthy person without causing immediate destruction of the periodontium. However, the presence of P. gingivalis and A. Actinomycetemcomitans is considered a risk factor for recurrent periodontal infections and peri-implant disease.
Description
Dissertação para obtenção do grau de Mestre no Instituto Universitário Egas Moniz
Keywords
Bactérias periodontopatogénica Transmissão Microbioma oral Bactérias Gram-negativas Periodontite