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Publication
Manifestações orais resultantes da terapêutica antineoplásica em pacientes pediátricos
| Name: | Description: | Size: | Format: | |
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| 2.49 MB | Adobe PDF |
Advisor(s)
Abstract(s)
As neoplasias pediátricas são um grupo de patologias médicas raras e complexas que, frequentemente, exige o uso de terapêuticas antineoplásicas agressivas. Estas intervenções, embora indispensáveis no tratamento da patologia maligna subjacente, podem ser responsáveis por diversos efeitos adversos, nos quais as complicações orais estão incluídas.
Os fármacos citotóxicos e a radiação ionizante associados a estes tratamentos podem afetar, direta ou indiretamente, tecidos e estruturas saudáveis da cavidade oral. As complicações decorrentes são significativamente desconfortáveis e dolorosas, comprometendo não só a qualidade de vida dos pacientes a curto, médio e longo prazo, como também o sucesso e continuidade do próprio tratamento oncológico. Entre as manifestações orais mais prevalentes destacam-se as lesões de mucosite oral, xerostomia e disfunção das glândulas salivares, maior suscetibilidade a lesões oportunistas, cárie dentária e desenvolvimento de anomalias dentárias e orofaciais.
Neste contexto, a presente revisão narrativa pretende salientar as melhores abordagens preventivas e opções terapêuticas clinicamente disponíveis, enfatizando a importância de uma colaboração multidisciplinar e contínua entre a equipa oncológica e o Médico Dentista. A realização deste trabalho tem como objetivo fornecer ao Médico Dentista conhecimentos teóricos e recomendações práticas sobre o acompanhamento de um paciente oncológico pediátrico, essenciais para a manutenção da saúde oral ao longo de todo o regime terapêutico.
Pediatric neoplasms are a group of rare and complex medical conditions that often require the use of aggressive antineoplastic therapies. These interventions, although indispensable in the treatment of the underlying malignant pathology, can be responsible for various adverse effects, including oral complications. The cytotoxic drugs and ionizing radiation associated with these treatments can directly or indirectly affect healthy tissues and structures in the oral cavity. The resulting complications are significantly uncomfortable and painful, compromising not only patients' quality of life in the short, medium and long term, but also the success and continuity of the cancer treatment itself. Among the most prevalent oral manifestations are lesions of oral mucositis, xerostomia and salivary gland dysfunction, increased susceptibility to opportunistic lesions, dental caries and the development of dental and orofacial anomalies. In this context, this narrative review aims to highlight the best preventive approaches and therapeutic options clinically available, emphasizing the importance of multidisciplinary and continuous collaboration between the oncology team and the Dentist. The aim of this work is to provide Dentists with theoretical knowledge and practical recommendations on how to monitor pediatric oncology patients, which are essential for maintaining oral health throughout the therapeutic regimen.
Pediatric neoplasms are a group of rare and complex medical conditions that often require the use of aggressive antineoplastic therapies. These interventions, although indispensable in the treatment of the underlying malignant pathology, can be responsible for various adverse effects, including oral complications. The cytotoxic drugs and ionizing radiation associated with these treatments can directly or indirectly affect healthy tissues and structures in the oral cavity. The resulting complications are significantly uncomfortable and painful, compromising not only patients' quality of life in the short, medium and long term, but also the success and continuity of the cancer treatment itself. Among the most prevalent oral manifestations are lesions of oral mucositis, xerostomia and salivary gland dysfunction, increased susceptibility to opportunistic lesions, dental caries and the development of dental and orofacial anomalies. In this context, this narrative review aims to highlight the best preventive approaches and therapeutic options clinically available, emphasizing the importance of multidisciplinary and continuous collaboration between the oncology team and the Dentist. The aim of this work is to provide Dentists with theoretical knowledge and practical recommendations on how to monitor pediatric oncology patients, which are essential for maintaining oral health throughout the therapeutic regimen.
Description
Dissertação para obtenção do grau de Mestre no Instituto Universitário Egas Moniz
Keywords
Manifestações orais Terapêutica antineoplásica Paciente pediátrico Saúde oral