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Inteligência emocional em adultos que experienciaram maus-tratos na infância
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Enquadramento: Os maus-tratos infantis são experiências adversas que podem comprometer o desenvolvimento da inteligência emocional, manifestando-se em dificuldades neurobiológicas, emocionais e sociais. O impacto dos maus-tratos na vida da criança pode perdurar até à vida adulta, comprometendo a tomada de decisão e o processamento de estímulos emocionais e afetivos. Indivíduos que experienciaram maus-tratos infantis tendem a apresentar maior dificuldade na regulação emocional, empatia e autoconsciência emocional, o que resulta no aumento da vulnerabilidade psicossocial e na diminuição da qualidade de vida e de relações interpessoais saudáveis. Objetivos: O presente estudo tem como objetivos verificar a relação entre os maus-tratos e a inteligência emocional, numa amostra de adultos que experienciaram maus-tratos na infância, e comparar vítimas e não vítimas de maus-tratos na infância quanto à inteligência emocional na vida adulta. Método e Procedimento: A amostra é composta por 237 participantes, com idades compreendidas entre os 18 e os 85 anos (M = 44.32, DP = 16.52). Os dados foram recolhidos através de um protocolo de investigação online, que incluiu um questionário sociodemográfico, o instrumento de Experiências Adversas na Infância (ACEs) e a Escala de Inteligência Emocional (WLEIS). Resultados: Os participantes que vivenciaram maus-tratos na infância apresentam pontuações significativamente mais elevadas de outras formas de adversidade na infância e níveis mais baixos de inteligência emocional. As análises de regressão indicaram que o abuso e a negligência emocional na infância são preditores de uma diminuição dos níveis de inteligência emocional. Conclusão: Os resultados desta investigação reforçam que vivenciar experiências adversas na infância, nomeadamente os maus-tratos, compromete o desenvolvimento de competências emocionais. As experiências adversas na infância estão associadas a respostas emocionais disfuncionais e a estilos de vinculação inseguros, o que prejudica a qualidade das relações interpessoais e o bem-estar emocional do indivíduo.
Background: Childhood maltreatment is an adverse experience that can compromise the development of emotional intelligence, manifesting itself in neurobiological, emotional, and social difficulties. The impact of maltreatment on a child's life can last into adulthood, compromising decision-making and the processing of emotional and affective stimuli. Individuals who have experienced child abuse tend to have greater difficulty with emotional regulation, empathy, and emotional self-awareness, resulting in increased psychosocial vulnerability and a decrease in quality of life and healthy interpersonal relationships. Objectives: The present study aims to verify the relationship between maltreatment and emotional intelligence in a sample of adults who experienced maltreatment in childhood, and to compare victims and non-victims of childhood maltreatment in terms of emotional intelligence in adulthood. Method and Procedures: The sample consists of 237 participants aged between 18 and 85 (M = 44.32, SD = 16.52). Data were collected using an online research protocol, which included a sociodemographic questionnaire, the Adverse Childhood Experiences (ACEs) instrument, and the Emotional Intelligence Scale (WLEIS). Results: Participants who experienced childhood maltreatment had significantly higher scores on other forms of childhood adversity and lower levels of emotional intelligence. Regression analyses indicated that childhood abuse and emotional neglect are predictors of decreased levels of emotional intelligence. Conclusions: The results of this research reinforce that experiencing adverse events in childhood, particularly maltreatment, compromises the development of emotional skills. Adverse childhood experiences are associated with dysfunctional emotional responses and insecure attachment styles, which undermine the quality of interpersonal relationships and the individual's emotional well-being.
Background: Childhood maltreatment is an adverse experience that can compromise the development of emotional intelligence, manifesting itself in neurobiological, emotional, and social difficulties. The impact of maltreatment on a child's life can last into adulthood, compromising decision-making and the processing of emotional and affective stimuli. Individuals who have experienced child abuse tend to have greater difficulty with emotional regulation, empathy, and emotional self-awareness, resulting in increased psychosocial vulnerability and a decrease in quality of life and healthy interpersonal relationships. Objectives: The present study aims to verify the relationship between maltreatment and emotional intelligence in a sample of adults who experienced maltreatment in childhood, and to compare victims and non-victims of childhood maltreatment in terms of emotional intelligence in adulthood. Method and Procedures: The sample consists of 237 participants aged between 18 and 85 (M = 44.32, SD = 16.52). Data were collected using an online research protocol, which included a sociodemographic questionnaire, the Adverse Childhood Experiences (ACEs) instrument, and the Emotional Intelligence Scale (WLEIS). Results: Participants who experienced childhood maltreatment had significantly higher scores on other forms of childhood adversity and lower levels of emotional intelligence. Regression analyses indicated that childhood abuse and emotional neglect are predictors of decreased levels of emotional intelligence. Conclusions: The results of this research reinforce that experiencing adverse events in childhood, particularly maltreatment, compromises the development of emotional skills. Adverse childhood experiences are associated with dysfunctional emotional responses and insecure attachment styles, which undermine the quality of interpersonal relationships and the individual's emotional well-being.
Descrição
Dissertação para obtenção do grau de Mestre no Instituto Universitário Egas Moniz
Palavras-chave
Maus-tratos infantis Inteligência emocional Regulação emocional Vitimização infantil Desenvolvimento emocional