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Construção de um programa psicoterapêutico de enfermagem promotor do coping na pessoa adulta com doença oncológica: Caedo - coping cancer
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Abstract(s)
Introdução: O distress nas pessoas com doença oncológica impacta negativamente a sua qualidade
de vida e bem-estar. Há uma lacuna na existência de programas psicoterapêuticos de
enfermagem que promovam de forma eficaz, o coping em adultos com doença oncológica.
Objetivo: Construir um programa psicoterapêutico de enfermagem promotor do coping na
pessoa adulta com doença oncológica.
Materiais e métodos: Estudo estruturado em quatro etapas. Na Etapa I, foi realizada uma scoping
review de acordo com a metodologia Joanna Briggs Institute que mapeou a evidência assente na
intervenção do enfermeiro na promoção do coping na população em estudo. As Etapas II e III
envolveram estudos exploratórios qualitativos independentes com um grupo focal de utentes (n=8) e
três grupos focais de enfermeiros peritos (n=16) para aferir os elementos-chave a integrar no programa,
sendo os dados tratados com o MaxQDA24. Na Etapa IV foi realizada a modelagem efetiva do
programa triangulando os resultados das etapas anteriores. O estudo obteve o parecer favorável de uma
comissão de ética (Parecer nº002/23).
Resultados: Na Etapa I, dos 1547 registos obtidos foram extraídos 18 para análise, destacando-se as
intervenções cognitivo-comportamentais com programas compostos por 6 a 12 sessões de 45 a 90
minutos. Na etapa II foi destacada a importância de iniciar o programa desde o diagnóstico, com
sessões de 45 a 60 minutos, que abordassem as necessidades físicas, emocionais e sociais identificadas.
Na etapa III, os peritos sugeriram um programa de intervenção mista com 8 a 10 sessões,
centrado principalmente na relação de ajuda incorporando técnicas psicoterapêuticas
adicionais. Na etapa IV foi elaborada a versão preliminar do programa psicoterapêutico de
enfermagem proposto, composto por 10 sessões (5 individuais e 5 de grupo) ao longo de seis
meses, cujas intervenções visam dar resposta aos diagnósticos de enfermagem:
disponibilidade para coping efetivo, ansiedade, medo e falta de conhecimento sobre a doença.
Conclusão: O programa psicoterapêutico desenvolvido apresenta uma abordagem
estruturada para promover o coping em adultos com doença oncológica, integrando
intervenções individuais e em grupo com base em evidências e necessidades identificadas.
Introduction: Emotional distress in cancer patients significantly affects their quality of life and well-being. There is a documented need for psychotherapeutic nursing programs designed to effectively support coping mechanisms in adults with cancer. Objective: To develop a psychotherapeutic nursing program aimed at promoting coping in adults with cancer. Materials and methods: The study was structured in four stages. In Stage I, a scoping review was conducted following the methodological framework of the Joanna Briggs Institute, mapping evidence on nursing interventions that enhance coping in this population. Stages II and III comprised independent qualitative exploratory studies using focus groups, including a patient group (n=8) and three groups of expert nurses (n=16), to assess key components for inclusion in the program. The sessions were audio-recorded, transcribed, and analyzed using MaxQDA24 software. In Stage IV, a model of the program was constructed by triangulating findings from the previous stages. Ethical approval was obtained from the appropriate committee (Opinion No. 002/23). Results: In Stage I, out of 1547 records screened, 18 met the criteria for analysis, highlighting cognitive-behavioral interventions delivered in 6 to 12 sessions, each lasting 45 to 90 minutes. Findings from Stage II emphasized the importance of initiating the program at diagnosis, with 45 to 60-minute sessions addressing identified physical, emotional, and social needs. In Stage III, experts recommended a hybrid intervention program, proposing 8 to 10 sessions focused on therapeutic relationships, supplemented by specific psychotherapeutic techniques. In Stage IV, the initial version of the psychotherapeutic nursing program was developed, featuring 10 sessions (5 individual and 5 group sessions) over a six-month period. The interventions target the nursing diagnoses of readiness for effective coping, anxiety, fear, and lack of knowledge of disease. Conclusion: The developed psychotherapeutic nursing program offers a structured, evidence-based approach to fostering coping mechanisms in adults with cancer, integrating individual and group-based interventions tailored to identified patient needs.
Introduction: Emotional distress in cancer patients significantly affects their quality of life and well-being. There is a documented need for psychotherapeutic nursing programs designed to effectively support coping mechanisms in adults with cancer. Objective: To develop a psychotherapeutic nursing program aimed at promoting coping in adults with cancer. Materials and methods: The study was structured in four stages. In Stage I, a scoping review was conducted following the methodological framework of the Joanna Briggs Institute, mapping evidence on nursing interventions that enhance coping in this population. Stages II and III comprised independent qualitative exploratory studies using focus groups, including a patient group (n=8) and three groups of expert nurses (n=16), to assess key components for inclusion in the program. The sessions were audio-recorded, transcribed, and analyzed using MaxQDA24 software. In Stage IV, a model of the program was constructed by triangulating findings from the previous stages. Ethical approval was obtained from the appropriate committee (Opinion No. 002/23). Results: In Stage I, out of 1547 records screened, 18 met the criteria for analysis, highlighting cognitive-behavioral interventions delivered in 6 to 12 sessions, each lasting 45 to 90 minutes. Findings from Stage II emphasized the importance of initiating the program at diagnosis, with 45 to 60-minute sessions addressing identified physical, emotional, and social needs. In Stage III, experts recommended a hybrid intervention program, proposing 8 to 10 sessions focused on therapeutic relationships, supplemented by specific psychotherapeutic techniques. In Stage IV, the initial version of the psychotherapeutic nursing program was developed, featuring 10 sessions (5 individual and 5 group sessions) over a six-month period. The interventions target the nursing diagnoses of readiness for effective coping, anxiety, fear, and lack of knowledge of disease. Conclusion: The developed psychotherapeutic nursing program offers a structured, evidence-based approach to fostering coping mechanisms in adults with cancer, integrating individual and group-based interventions tailored to identified patient needs.
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Doença Oncológica Programa Psicoterapêutico Saúde Mental Adaptação Enfermagem
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