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Abstract(s)
A Convenção das Nações Unidas sobre o Direito do Mar tem o mérito de estabelecer
o enquadramento jurídico internacional para os mares e oceanos, com a devida
consideração pela soberania de todos os Estados, e representa o culminar de uma década de
dificílimas negociações entre os Estados, que termina em 1982 em Montego Bay, onde é
assinado o Ato Final contendo o texto de uma Convenção única aprovada por 130 países,
rejeitada por 4 e 16 abstenções.
Considerando que a CNUDM codificou o Direito do Mar nas décadas de 1970/1980,
num contexto político, social, tecnológico, económico e acima de tudo de segurança
marítima muito diferentes do que encontramos agora no século XXI, torna-se fundamental
estudar de que forma outros tratados, acordos e convenções como a Convenção para a
Supressão de Atos Ilícitos Contra a Segurança da Navegação Marítima (Convenção SUA)
e o seu Protocolo de 2005 se constituem como exceções aos princípios históricos da
liberdade de navegação no alto mar e da jurisdição exclusiva do Estado de Bandeira não
previstos na CNUDM.
Abstract: The Law of the Sea Convention (LOSC) has the merit of establishing the international legal frame for the oceans, with due consideration for the sovereignty of all States and thus represents the end of a whole decade of very tough negotiations between States, which ended in 1982, in Montego Bay, where the Final Act containing the text of a single Convention approved by 130 countries, rejected by 4 and abstained by 16 was signed. Considering that the LOSC codified the Law of the Sea in the 1970’s/1980’s (more than 30 years ago), in a whole different political, social, technological, economical and, above all, maritime security environment, it becomes important to study how other treaties, conventions and agreements, like the Convention for The Suppression of Unlawfull Acts Against The Safety of Maritime Navigation (SUA Convention) and its 2005 Protocol work as exceptions to the historical principles of high seas freedom of navigation and the exclusive jurisdiction of the Flag State not included in the LOSC.
Abstract: The Law of the Sea Convention (LOSC) has the merit of establishing the international legal frame for the oceans, with due consideration for the sovereignty of all States and thus represents the end of a whole decade of very tough negotiations between States, which ended in 1982, in Montego Bay, where the Final Act containing the text of a single Convention approved by 130 countries, rejected by 4 and abstained by 16 was signed. Considering that the LOSC codified the Law of the Sea in the 1970’s/1980’s (more than 30 years ago), in a whole different political, social, technological, economical and, above all, maritime security environment, it becomes important to study how other treaties, conventions and agreements, like the Convention for The Suppression of Unlawfull Acts Against The Safety of Maritime Navigation (SUA Convention) and its 2005 Protocol work as exceptions to the historical principles of high seas freedom of navigation and the exclusive jurisdiction of the Flag State not included in the LOSC.
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Keywords
CNUDM Convenção SUA Alto Mar Liberdade de navegação LOSC SUA Convention High Seas Freedom of navigation