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Publication
Pacing cardíaco em cães - um estudo retrospectivo de 21 casos
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Advisor(s)
Abstract(s)
O pacing cardíaco é um tratamento permanente e eficaz para bradiarritmias sintomáticas. Atualmente,
é considerado um procedimento minimamente invasivo, realizado através de acesso venoso, guiado
por fluoroscopia.
O objetivo deste estudo retrospetivo foi analisar as indicações para pacing cardíaco, a incidência de
complicações e o tempo de sobrevida associado a este procedimento, quando realizado em cães
diagnosticados com bradiarritmias sintomáticas.
Neste estudo foram incluídos 21 cães diagnosticados com bradiarritmias cardíacas e sujeitos a
implantação de pacemaker, no Hospital Veterinário do Porto, entre abril de 2015 e março de 2023. A
lista de variáveis analisadas incluiu: raça, idade, sexo, peso, tipo de arritmia, frequência cardíaca,
sintomatologia, parâmetros ecocardiográficos, alterações cardíacas concomitantes, comorbilidades
não cardíacas, tipo de fixação do pacemaker, complicações pós cirúrgicas, óbito e motivo de óbito.
O tipo de arritmia mais frequente foi o bloqueio atrioventricular de terceiro grau (n=10, 47.62%). A
percentagem total de complicações foi de 28.5 %, tendo sido o deslocamento do eletrocatéter a
complicação mais prevalente (n=3, 14.29%). O tempo médio de sobrevivência após implantação foi de
19 ±4.47 meses. Através de análise de associação entre sintomatologia prévia e o óbito, concluiu-se
que a presença de sinais clínicos é um importante indicador de prognóstico (Teste de Fisher, p=0.02).
Os resultados do modelo logístico forneceram também algumas informações sobre a relação entre as
variáveis de predição e a ocorrência de óbito.
A variável Diâmetro do Átrio Esquerdo, apresentou um resultado estatisticamente significativo
(p=0.0408), mostrando que o aumento do diâmetro do Átrio Esquerdo, resulta num aumento
proporcional de aproximadamente 1.29 vezes na probabilidade de óbito (29%).
Cardiac pacing is a permanent and effective treatment for symptomatic bradyarrhythmias in dogs. Currently, it is considered a minimally invasive procedure, performed through venous access, and guided by fluoroscopy. This retrospective study aimed to analyze the indications for cardiac pacing, the incidence of complications, and the survival time associated with this procedure in dogs diagnosed with symptomatic bradyarrhythmias. This study included 21 dogs diagnosed with cardiac bradyarrhythmias and implanted with permanent cardiac pacemakers, at Hospital Veterinário do Porto, between April 2015 and March 2023. The list of analyzed variables included breed, age, sex, weight, type of arrhythmia, heart rate, symptoms, echocardiographic parameters, cardiac alterations and non-cardiac comorbidities, type of pacemaker fixation, post-surgical complications, death, and cause of death. The most prevalent type of arrhythmia was third-degree atrioventricular block (n=10, 47.62%). The overall percentage of complications was 28.5%, with lead displacement being the most prevalent complication (n=3, 14.29%). The median survival time was 19 ±4.47 months. By analyzing the association between the presence of clinical signs and death, it was concluded that the presence of clinical signs is an important prognostic indicator (Fisher Test, p= 0.02). The logistic model results also provided information regarding the association between the predictor variables and the occurrence of death. The variable left atrium diameter showed a statistically significant result (p=0.0408), indicating that an increase in the left atrium diameter result in a proportional increase of approximately 1.29 times in the chance of death (29%).
Cardiac pacing is a permanent and effective treatment for symptomatic bradyarrhythmias in dogs. Currently, it is considered a minimally invasive procedure, performed through venous access, and guided by fluoroscopy. This retrospective study aimed to analyze the indications for cardiac pacing, the incidence of complications, and the survival time associated with this procedure in dogs diagnosed with symptomatic bradyarrhythmias. This study included 21 dogs diagnosed with cardiac bradyarrhythmias and implanted with permanent cardiac pacemakers, at Hospital Veterinário do Porto, between April 2015 and March 2023. The list of analyzed variables included breed, age, sex, weight, type of arrhythmia, heart rate, symptoms, echocardiographic parameters, cardiac alterations and non-cardiac comorbidities, type of pacemaker fixation, post-surgical complications, death, and cause of death. The most prevalent type of arrhythmia was third-degree atrioventricular block (n=10, 47.62%). The overall percentage of complications was 28.5%, with lead displacement being the most prevalent complication (n=3, 14.29%). The median survival time was 19 ±4.47 months. By analyzing the association between the presence of clinical signs and death, it was concluded that the presence of clinical signs is an important prognostic indicator (Fisher Test, p= 0.02). The logistic model results also provided information regarding the association between the predictor variables and the occurrence of death. The variable left atrium diameter showed a statistically significant result (p=0.0408), indicating that an increase in the left atrium diameter result in a proportional increase of approximately 1.29 times in the chance of death (29%).
Description
Keywords
Pacemaker Cão Bloqueio atrioventricular Sinais clínicos Sobrevivência Pacemaker Dog Atrioventricular block Survival time Clinical signs