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Publication
Qualidade na Prestação de Cuidados à Pessoa com Traumatismo Vertebro-Medular
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Advisor(s)
Abstract(s)
O traumatismo vertebro-medular implica a presença de alterações estruturais ou fisiológicas dos elementos que constituem a coluna vertebral ou a medula espinal provocadas por forças energéticas externas que atingem o corpo humano. A lesão vertebro-medular tem efeitos dramáticos nas vidas das pessoas afetadas e das suas famílias. Esta patologia é frequentemente geradora de incapacidade motora e sensitiva provocando paraplegia ou tetraplegia completa ou incompleta nas pessoas lesadas. Neste sentido, pessoas com vida ativa afetadas por esta patologia vêm a sua vida pessoal, profissional e social sofrer uma alteração drástica, ficando impossibilitadas de trabalhar nas suas atividades laborais, bem como de realizar simples tarefas do dia-a-dia como andar, vestir, alimentar-se, entre outras necessidades básicas, que a pessoa fica impossibilitada de fazer.
Face às mudanças de vida que o traumatismo vertebro-medular provoca no ser humano considerámos fazer uma pesquisa aprofundada, uma revisão sistemática da literatura, sobre a prestação de cuidados de qualidade ao cliente com traumatismo vertebro-medular agudo de modo a prevenir o agravamento da lesão inicial, e consequentemente, o surgimento de complicações.
A pesquisa realizada nas bases de dados bem como a efetuada nos locais de estágio hospitalar (serviço de urgência, cuidados intensivos e unidade vertebro-medular) permitiu-nos concluir que atualmente as práticas utilizadas a nível pré-hospitalar, serviço de urgência, cuidados intensivos, serviço de internamento são muito atualizadas e cumprem as guidelines mais recentes. Verificámos também que a atuação precoce, correta e de qualidade dos profissionais de saúde desde o local do acidente onde ocorreu o trauma, ao serviço de urgência e cuidados intensivos ou serviço de internamento é essencial para prevenir a lesão medular, o agravamento da mesma caso tenha ocorrido, bem como possíveis complicações.
Resumindo as competências comuns e específicas dos enfermeiros especialistas em Enfermagem Médico-Cirúgica são a base para uma prestação de cuidados de qualidade à pessoa vítima de trauma vertebro-medular. Deste modo, o enfermeiro especialista deve supervisionar, coordenar, orientar a prestação de cuidados a estes clientes de modo a que toda a equipe haja organizadamente prevenindo o surgimento de mais lesões na pessoa vítima de trauma.
Abstract: The spinal cord injury implies the presence of structural or physiological changes of the spine or spinal cord elements caused by external energy forces that affect the human body. The spine or spinal cord injury has a dramatic effect on the lives of those affected and their families. This condition often generates a motor and sensory disability causing complete or incomplete paraplegia or tetraplegia to the people who were injured. In this sense, active people affected by this disease have their personal, professional and social life dramatically changed, becoming unable to work in their professional activities and to perform simple diary tasks such as walking, dressing , feeding, among other basic human needs that the person is unable to do. Given the life changes that the spinal cord trauma causes in humans, we have considered to do a deep research, a systematic review of literature, about a quality care to the patient with acute spinal cord trauma in order to prevent the worsening of the injury and consequently some complications. The databases research as well as the hospital training research ( in emergency department, intensive care unit and spinal cord unit) allowed us to conclude that currently the practices used in pre-hospital setting, emergency department, intensive care unit and inpatient service are up to date and follow the latest guidelines. We also found that early correct and quality care assistance by health professionals from the crash site, where the trauma occurred, to the emergency department and intensive care or inpatient service is essential to prevent spinal cord injury, the injury deterioration and possible complications. Summarizing the common and specific skills of Medical Chirurgical specialists nurses are the basis for the provision of quality care to the person victim of spinal cord trauma. Thus, the specialist nurse should supervise, advise, coordinate, guide these patients care so that the whole team is being organized, preventing more injuries to the trauma victims.
Abstract: The spinal cord injury implies the presence of structural or physiological changes of the spine or spinal cord elements caused by external energy forces that affect the human body. The spine or spinal cord injury has a dramatic effect on the lives of those affected and their families. This condition often generates a motor and sensory disability causing complete or incomplete paraplegia or tetraplegia to the people who were injured. In this sense, active people affected by this disease have their personal, professional and social life dramatically changed, becoming unable to work in their professional activities and to perform simple diary tasks such as walking, dressing , feeding, among other basic human needs that the person is unable to do. Given the life changes that the spinal cord trauma causes in humans, we have considered to do a deep research, a systematic review of literature, about a quality care to the patient with acute spinal cord trauma in order to prevent the worsening of the injury and consequently some complications. The databases research as well as the hospital training research ( in emergency department, intensive care unit and spinal cord unit) allowed us to conclude that currently the practices used in pre-hospital setting, emergency department, intensive care unit and inpatient service are up to date and follow the latest guidelines. We also found that early correct and quality care assistance by health professionals from the crash site, where the trauma occurred, to the emergency department and intensive care or inpatient service is essential to prevent spinal cord injury, the injury deterioration and possible complications. Summarizing the common and specific skills of Medical Chirurgical specialists nurses are the basis for the provision of quality care to the person victim of spinal cord trauma. Thus, the specialist nurse should supervise, advise, coordinate, guide these patients care so that the whole team is being organized, preventing more injuries to the trauma victims.
Description
Relatório de Trabalho de Projeto apresentado
para cumprimento dos requisitos necessários à
obtenção do grau de Mestre em Enfermagem Médico-Cirúrgica
Keywords
Cuidados de enfermagem Trauma medular Infeção Nursing care Spinal cord trauma Infection
Citation
Publisher
Instituto Politécnico de Setúbal. Escola Superior de Saúde