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Análise dos Custos e da Viabilidade da produção leiteira na Região de Entre Douro e Minho
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| 2.88 MB | Adobe PDF |
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Abstract(s)
Atualmente o setor leiteiro em Portugal vive num mercado globalizado, onde o preço pago ao produtor está relacionado com a oferta e a procura de produtos lácteos. Constata-se, assim, que o preço do leite é a variável da produção que o produtor menos controla. Desta forma, é importante que as explorações conheçam o seu custo de produção, para que consigam manter-se sustentáveis, eficientes e rentáveis. Apesar dos avanços no conhecimento técnico e científico, muitas explorações usam práticas de maneio, que podem ser prejudiciais para o bom desempenho económico da exploração. Por isso, é preciso dar atenção a essa questão e procurar métodos para solucioná-la. Neste projeto é realizado uma recolha de dados estatísticos, por diversos autores e pela RICA referente a explorações de bovinos leiteiros da região do EDM do ano 2022, um inquérito e uma recolha de informação contabilistica a 4 explorações piloto, da região do EDM, fornecedoras de leite ao Grupo Bel, referentes ao ano 2023. Os resultados da recolha de informação estatísticas mostram que as despesas com a alimentação da vaca leiteira representam entre 50% e 71,3% do total dos encargos relacionadas com a produção de 1 kg de leite e, com os resultados da análise das explorações consideradas ,fornecedoras ao Grupo Bel, verifica-se que, a fração principal do custo são os valores despendidos com a alimentação, com variação entre 32% e 46% e a mão de obra com variação entre 7% e 13%. Dessa forma, indica que as explorações não são viáveis, sendo imprescindível os apoios e subsídios direcionados ao setor leiteiro. No entanto, não podemos considerar estes dados corretos, pois a informação recolhida não traduz o real funcionamento das explorações.
The dairy sector in Portugal currently operates in a globalized market, where the price paid to producers is related to the supply and demand for dairy products. It is clear that the price of milk is the production variable that producers have the least control over. It is therefore important for farms to know their production costs so that they can remain sustainable, efficient and profitable.Despite advances in technical and scientific knowledge, many farms use management practices that can be detrimental to the farm's economic performance. This issue must therefore be addressed and methods sought to solve it. This project involves the collection of statistical data by several authors and the RICA regarding dairy cattle farms in the EDM region in 2022, a survey and the collection of accounting information from 4 pilot farms in the EDM region, which supply milk to the Bel Group, for the year 2023. The results of the statistical information collection show that expenses with feeding dairy cows represent between 50% and 71.3% of the total costs related to the production of 1 kg of milk and, with the results of the analysis of the farms considered, which supply the Bel Group, it can be seen that the main fraction of the cost is the amounts spent on feed, with a variation between 32% and 46%, and labor, with a variation between 7% and 13%. Thus, it indicates that the farms are not viable, and that support and subsidies directed to the dairy sector are essential. However, we cannot consider this data to be correct, as the information collected does not reflect the actual functioning of the farms.
The dairy sector in Portugal currently operates in a globalized market, where the price paid to producers is related to the supply and demand for dairy products. It is clear that the price of milk is the production variable that producers have the least control over. It is therefore important for farms to know their production costs so that they can remain sustainable, efficient and profitable.Despite advances in technical and scientific knowledge, many farms use management practices that can be detrimental to the farm's economic performance. This issue must therefore be addressed and methods sought to solve it. This project involves the collection of statistical data by several authors and the RICA regarding dairy cattle farms in the EDM region in 2022, a survey and the collection of accounting information from 4 pilot farms in the EDM region, which supply milk to the Bel Group, for the year 2023. The results of the statistical information collection show that expenses with feeding dairy cows represent between 50% and 71.3% of the total costs related to the production of 1 kg of milk and, with the results of the analysis of the farms considered, which supply the Bel Group, it can be seen that the main fraction of the cost is the amounts spent on feed, with a variation between 32% and 46%, and labor, with a variation between 7% and 13%. Thus, it indicates that the farms are not viable, and that support and subsidies directed to the dairy sector are essential. However, we cannot consider this data to be correct, as the information collected does not reflect the actual functioning of the farms.
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Keywords
bovinos custos Entre Douro e Minho explorações leite