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Os Impactes percepcionados pelos cuidadores informais do concelho de Nisa
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Abstract(s)
O aumento do envelhecimento populacional e o aumento da esperança média de vida trouxeram um conjunto de preocupações e responsabilidades, às famílias e às entidades sociais e da saúde, devido aos cuidados que é necessário prestar às pessoas idosas dependentes.
O papel de cuidador informal sempre existiu ao longo da história da humanidade, mas, durante o seculo vinte, até ao seu terceiro quartel, o papel da família foi substituída pela ciência médica, Lage (2005:204), mas, devido à crise dos sistemas sociais, de saúde e financeiro das entidades governamentais, reassume novamente a prestação de cuidados do familiar idoso.
Com o presente estudo, de caráter qualitativo, procuramos conhecer os impactes percecionados pelo cuidador informal que presta cuidados ao familiar idoso, em meio geográfico rural e em meio geográfico urbano e, para a sua avaliação, utilizamos o questionário sociodemográfico e a entrevista semiestruturada.
A amostra da população selecionada é constituída por quatro cuidadores familiares de idosos, em que dois habitam no meio urbano e dois habitam no meio rural, são maioritariamente do género feminino e um cuidador masculino.
Os quatro cuidadores entrevistados referiram que há pouco apoio dos técnicos das instituições sociais e da saúde, não existe formação adequada para a prestação de cuidados para os cuidadores informais e que muitas vezes esta era bem-vinda.
Os cuidadores informais rurais manifestaram que estão distantes dos apoios formais, ou seja, do centro de saúde, dos apoios sociais e transportes emergentes, enquanto os cuidadores urbanos referiram que estão próximos destes meios, mas não têm a proximidade e solidariedade dos vizinhos que existem nos meios rurais.
Em termos de resultados os cuidadores informais evidenciaram impactes negativos, pela responsabilidade assumida na prestação de cuidados, com reflexos na vida familiar e social, sobrecarga emocional, profissional e financeira.
Demographic aging and average life expectancy caused a set of concerns and responsibilities to families and social and health providers due to required care to impaired elderly. The role of the informal carer has always had a role in human history but until the third quarter of the 20th century, family role was replaced by medical science, Lage, (2005:204), but due to the social, health and financial crisis of government entities, the informal carer once more takes care of older family members. With this qualitative study we try to understand the impact perceived by the informal carer, who cares for the older family member, in rural and urban environments, and for our assessment we use the sociodemographic questionnaire, the semi structured interview. The sample of the selected population is represented by four carers of older family members, two of which live in an urban environment and two who live in a rural environment, and are mostly female with one male carer. The four caregivers interviewed reported that there is little support from technicians of social institutions and health, there is no proper training to care for informal carers and often this was welcome. Rural informal carers expressed that they are distant from formal support, which means from the health center, from emerging social support and transport, while urban care givers mentioned that these resources are at hand, but they lack neighbours’ proximity and solidarity present in rural areas. In terms of outcomes, informal carers revealed a negative impact to the responsibility for caring undertaken, with direct consequences in family and social life and an emotional, professional and overload.
Demographic aging and average life expectancy caused a set of concerns and responsibilities to families and social and health providers due to required care to impaired elderly. The role of the informal carer has always had a role in human history but until the third quarter of the 20th century, family role was replaced by medical science, Lage, (2005:204), but due to the social, health and financial crisis of government entities, the informal carer once more takes care of older family members. With this qualitative study we try to understand the impact perceived by the informal carer, who cares for the older family member, in rural and urban environments, and for our assessment we use the sociodemographic questionnaire, the semi structured interview. The sample of the selected population is represented by four carers of older family members, two of which live in an urban environment and two who live in a rural environment, and are mostly female with one male carer. The four caregivers interviewed reported that there is little support from technicians of social institutions and health, there is no proper training to care for informal carers and often this was welcome. Rural informal carers expressed that they are distant from formal support, which means from the health center, from emerging social support and transport, while urban care givers mentioned that these resources are at hand, but they lack neighbours’ proximity and solidarity present in rural areas. In terms of outcomes, informal carers revealed a negative impact to the responsibility for caring undertaken, with direct consequences in family and social life and an emotional, professional and overload.
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Keywords
Cuidador informal Cuidar Idoso Idoso dependente Impactes Care Informal carer Elder Impaired elderly Impact