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Adesão e autogestão ao regime de exercício físico da pessoa com doença pulmonar obstrutiva crónica: intervenção do enfermeiro especialista em enfermagem de reabilitação
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Advisor(s)
Abstract(s)
A Doença Pulmonar Obstrutiva Crónica é uma doença pulmonar crónica que
apresenta alta prevalência e morbilidade em todo mundo. A manifestação de sintomas
como a tosse, dispneia e produção de expetoração, acompanhados de exacerbações
agudas da doença ou manifestações crónicas, representam uma alteração significativa na
qualidade de vida destes clientes. O exercício físico é uma intervenção não farmacológica
importante na reabilitação destes clientes, estimula a capacidade funcional, diminui as
exacerbações e melhora a qualidade de vida, contudo depende de conceitos centrais como
a adesão e a autogestão.
O presente relatório visa abordar esta problemática utilizando como metodologia a
Revisão Integrativa da literatura. Esta centra-se nas estratégias/intervenções do
Enfermeiro Especialista em Enfermagem de Reabilitação, no cliente com Doença
Pulmonar Obstrutiva Crónica, que influenciam a adesão e autogestão do exercício físico
e, por sua vez, termina com uma proposta de intervenção nesta população.
Os objetivos delineados, ao longo deste processo de aprendizagem, foram mapear
e analisar a produção científica relativa às estratégias/ intervenções do Enfermeiro
Especialista em Enfermagem de Reabilitação no cliente com Doença Pulmonar
Obstrutiva Crónica que influenciam a adesão e autogestão do exercício físico, refletir
sobre a intervenção do Enfermeiro Especialista em Enfermagem de Reabilitação na
promoção da adesão e autogestão do cliente com Doença Pulmonar Obstrutiva Crónica
ao exercício físico na comunidade, através de um estágio neste contexto, integrando as
suas competências especializadas e, por fim, elaborar uma proposta de intervenção do
Enfermeiro Especialista em Enfermagem de Reabilitação, centrada em estratégias para
promover a adesão e autogestão do exercício físico do cliente com Doença Pulmonar
Obstrutiva Crónica.
Conclui-se que a evidência demonstra que não é possível definir qual a melhor
estratégia para a promoção da adesão e autogestão do exercício físico em clientes com
Doença Pulmonar Obstrutiva Crónica. Além disso, esta competência de adesão e
autogestão, apresenta uma dimensão pessoal, que carece de personalização para cada
cliente. Porém encontra algumas estratégias e recursos, nomeadamente aliar meios
informáticos à prática em Enfermagem de Reabilitação, planos de intervenção
personalizados, regimes de aprendizagem simplificados, existência de estruturas de apoio
ao cliente, utilização de diários de registos e a otimização da autoeficácia, demonstraram
ganhos efetivos.
Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease is a chronic lung disease that has a high prevalence and morbidity worldwide. The manifestation of symptoms such as cough, dyspnea and sputum production, accompanied by acute exacerbations of the disease or chronic manifestations, represent a significant change in the quality of life of these clients. Physical exercise is an important non-pharmacological intervention in the rehabilitation of these clients, it stimulates functional capacity, reduces exacerbations and improves quality of life, however it depends on central concepts such as adherence and self management. This report aims to address this issue using the Integrative Literature Review as a methodology. This focuses on the strategies/interventions of the Specialist Nurse in Rehabilitation Nursing, in the client with Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease, which influence adherence and self-management of physical exercise and, in turn, ends with a proposal for intervention in this population. The objectives outlined, throughout this learning process, were to map and analyze the scientific production related to the strategies/interventions of the Specialist Nurse in Rehabilitation Nursing in the client with Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease that influence the adherence and self-management of physical exercise, to reflect on the intervention of the Specialist Nurse in Rehabilitation Nursing in promoting adherence and self-management of the client with Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease to physical exercise in the community, through an internship in this context, integrating their specialized skills and, finally, preparing a proposal for intervention by the Nurse Specialist in Rehabilitation Nursing, focused on strategies to promote adherence and self management of physical exercise by clients with Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease. It is concluded that the evidence demonstrates that it is not possible to define the best strategy for promoting adherence and self-management of physical exercise in clients with Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease. In addition, this adherence and self management competence has a personal dimension, which requires personalization for each client. However, it does find some strategies and resources, namely combining computer means with practice in Rehabilitation Nursing, personalized intervention plans, simplified learning regimes, existence of customer support structures, use of log diaries and the optimization of self-efficacy, demonstrated effective gains.
Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease is a chronic lung disease that has a high prevalence and morbidity worldwide. The manifestation of symptoms such as cough, dyspnea and sputum production, accompanied by acute exacerbations of the disease or chronic manifestations, represent a significant change in the quality of life of these clients. Physical exercise is an important non-pharmacological intervention in the rehabilitation of these clients, it stimulates functional capacity, reduces exacerbations and improves quality of life, however it depends on central concepts such as adherence and self management. This report aims to address this issue using the Integrative Literature Review as a methodology. This focuses on the strategies/interventions of the Specialist Nurse in Rehabilitation Nursing, in the client with Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease, which influence adherence and self-management of physical exercise and, in turn, ends with a proposal for intervention in this population. The objectives outlined, throughout this learning process, were to map and analyze the scientific production related to the strategies/interventions of the Specialist Nurse in Rehabilitation Nursing in the client with Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease that influence the adherence and self-management of physical exercise, to reflect on the intervention of the Specialist Nurse in Rehabilitation Nursing in promoting adherence and self-management of the client with Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease to physical exercise in the community, through an internship in this context, integrating their specialized skills and, finally, preparing a proposal for intervention by the Nurse Specialist in Rehabilitation Nursing, focused on strategies to promote adherence and self management of physical exercise by clients with Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease. It is concluded that the evidence demonstrates that it is not possible to define the best strategy for promoting adherence and self-management of physical exercise in clients with Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease. In addition, this adherence and self management competence has a personal dimension, which requires personalization for each client. However, it does find some strategies and resources, namely combining computer means with practice in Rehabilitation Nursing, personalized intervention plans, simplified learning regimes, existence of customer support structures, use of log diaries and the optimization of self-efficacy, demonstrated effective gains.
Description
Curso de Mestrado ministrado em parceria com Escola Superior de Enfermagem S. José de Cluny e Escola Superior de Enfermagem Dr. José Timóteo Montalvão Machado
Keywords
Doença Pulmonar Obstrutiva Crónica Cooperação e Adesão ao Tratamento Autogestão e Exercício Físico