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A aquisição de tecnologia pelas PMEs como alavanca para a competitividade
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Abstract(s)
O presente estudo tem como principal objectivo determinar a importância que a transferência
de tecnologia tem para a capacidade competitiva das PMEs, tendo-se para o efeito recorrido
um estudo do tipo qualitativo.
Numa conjuntura marcada pelo abrandamento da actividade económica nos principais países
desenvolvidos e de aumento da concorrência, a sobrevivência das PMEs passa pela sua
capacidade de inovar e de lidar com a mudança. A capacidade que cada empresa tem em
aproveitar as oportunidades e adoptar estratégias de minimizar as consequências
potencialmente negativas das ameaças ditará a sua capacidade de se manter competitiva.
Para além das dificuldades inerentes ao mercado é necessário considerar os obstáculos com
que as PMEs se defrontam e que derivam da sua própria tipologia. Em termos gerais pode
considerar-se que as suas principais fraquezas se prendem com os poucos recursos
financeiros e humanos. Deste modo, vêm-se na necessidade de encontrar soluções menos
convencionais, a capacidade de inovar torna-se assim a sua principal fonte de vantagem
competitiva. Na impossibilidade de conseguirem construir conhecimento interno, através de
processos de I&D, devido à escassez de recursos e aos riscos que estão associados a estes
processos, a aquisição de conhecimento no exterior torna-se a opção mais viável. Neste
contexto, a transferência de tecnologia torna-se num aspecto central para a competitividade.
A metodologia adoptada foi um estudo de caso, com a participação de duas empresas na área
das tecnologias de informação e comunicação, sendo que uma apenas desenvolve tecnologia e
a outra para além de desenvolver tecnologia internamente também adquire no mercado
tecnologia para suprir as suas necessidades.
Os resultados revelam que as empresas se confrontam com uma serie de dificuldades no que
respeita a adoptar processos de transferência de tecnologia para suprirem as suas necessidades
de obter tecnologia de ponta que lhes permita manterem-se competitivas.
As conclusões apontam para a necessidade de se desenvolver um mercado que permita às
PMEs acederem a processos de transferência de tecnologia de uma forma mais segura e
eficaz. O desenvolvimento deste mercado permitiria ganhos de competitividade tanto para as
empresas que desenvolvem a tecnologia como as que procuram adquirir.
The present study has as mains objective to determine the importance of technology transfer to the competitive capacity of SMEs, through a qualitative study. In an environment marked by economic slowdown, in major developed countries and increased competition the survival of SMEs lies in its ability to innovate and manage change. The ability of each company to seize opportunities and adopt strategies to minimize the potentially negative consequences of threats will dictate their ability to remain competitive. In addition to the difficulties of the market environment, is necessary to consider the obstacles that SMEs are inherent to their typology. In general terms it can be considered the its main weakness lies in the scarcity of financial and human resources. Therefore, comes on need to find less conventional solutions, and the ability to innovate becomes the main source of competitive advantage. Failing to create internal knowledge, through R&D processes, the acquisition of external knowledge becomes the most viable option. In this context, the transfer of technology becomes a central element for competitiveness. The methodology adopt was a Case Study involving two companies in the area of information technologies and communication. One of them develops technology and the other develops technology internally but also as the need to acquire technology in the market. The results of this study show the firms are facing a series of difficulties for the adoption of technology transfer processes. The findings point out to the need to develop a market that allows SMEs access to technology in a more safe and effective way. The development of this market would increase competitiveness both in companies that develop technologies as those who seek them.
The present study has as mains objective to determine the importance of technology transfer to the competitive capacity of SMEs, through a qualitative study. In an environment marked by economic slowdown, in major developed countries and increased competition the survival of SMEs lies in its ability to innovate and manage change. The ability of each company to seize opportunities and adopt strategies to minimize the potentially negative consequences of threats will dictate their ability to remain competitive. In addition to the difficulties of the market environment, is necessary to consider the obstacles that SMEs are inherent to their typology. In general terms it can be considered the its main weakness lies in the scarcity of financial and human resources. Therefore, comes on need to find less conventional solutions, and the ability to innovate becomes the main source of competitive advantage. Failing to create internal knowledge, through R&D processes, the acquisition of external knowledge becomes the most viable option. In this context, the transfer of technology becomes a central element for competitiveness. The methodology adopt was a Case Study involving two companies in the area of information technologies and communication. One of them develops technology and the other develops technology internally but also as the need to acquire technology in the market. The results of this study show the firms are facing a series of difficulties for the adoption of technology transfer processes. The findings point out to the need to develop a market that allows SMEs access to technology in a more safe and effective way. The development of this market would increase competitiveness both in companies that develop technologies as those who seek them.
Description
Keywords
Pequenas e médias empresas Inovação Tecnologia Transferência de tecnologia Competitividade