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Obesidade em pequenos animais
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Abstract(s)
A obesidade animal é uma condição crescente que afeta significativamente a
saúde e o bem-estar dos animais de estimação, não só em Portugal, mas também
mundialmente. Esta afeção caracteriza-se pelo acúmulo excessivo de gordura corporal,
que resulta numa condição corporal acima da ideal e é geralmente provocada por um
desequilíbrio entre a ingestão de calorias e o gasto energético, ou seja, o animal ingere
mais calorias do que as que gasta. A obesidade é considerada uma doença multifatorial
e a sua presença pode provocar diversas complicações incluindo alterações
cardiorrespiratórias, reprodutivas, articulares e diabetes, reduzindo a qualidade de vida
e a longevidade dos animais. Portanto, é crucial um correto e um precoce diagnóstico,
através da anamnese e exame físico, que inclui a avaliação do índice de condição
corporal e índice de massa muscular, de modo a estabelecer um tratamento adequado
às necessidades de cada animal. O presente relatório foi realizado no âmbito do estágio
curricular final da licenciatura em Enfermagem Veterinária da Escola Superior de
Biociências de Elvas. O estágio foi realizado na Clínica Veterinária Vetsaraz em
Reguengos de Monsaraz, durante três meses, entre 26 de fevereiro e 17 de maio de
2024. Durante o estágio foram desenvolvidas diversas atividades nas áreas de cirurgia,
internamento e exames complementares de diagnóstico, intervindo com 337 cães e 156
gatos. Destes foram identificados mais de 40 animais com excesso de peso ou
obesidade, e foi possível aplicar planos de perda de peso em dois casos de gatos com
obesidade. O acompanhamento dos casos foi realizado pela aluna a cada três semanas,
ao longo do estágio. O desenvolvimento do estágio curricular, possibilitou uma evolução
pessoal e profissional, proporcionando mais autonomia e confiança na execução nas
diversas intervenções atribuídas ao enfermeiro veterinário, além de permitir aprofundar
e complementar os conhecimentos adquiridos durante o curso.
Animal obesity is an increasingly prevalent condition that significantly affects the health and well-being of pet animals, not only in Portugal but also globally. This condition is characterized by the excessive accumulation of body fat, resulting in a body condition above the ideal. It is generally the result of an imbalance between caloric intake and energy spending, i.e., the animal is ingesting more calories than it burns. Obesity is considered a multifactorial disease, and its presence can result in a varied set of complications, including cardiorespiratory changes and reproductive, joint, and diabetes- related problems, reducing the animal's quality of life and longevity. Therefore, proper and early diagnosis is crucial through anamnesis and physical examination, which includes the evaluation of the body condition index and muscle mass index, in order to establish an adequate treatment for each animal's requirements. The present report was conducted within the scope of the final curricular internship for the Bachelor in Veterinary Nursing program at the Higher School of Biosciences of Elvas. The internship was conducted at the Vetsaraz Veterinary Clinic in Reguengos de Monsaraz for three months, between 26 February and 17 May 2024. During the internship, various activities were developed in the areas of surgery, hospitalization, and complementary diagnostic exams, intervening in 337 dogs and 156 cats. Of these, more than 40 were identified as overweight or obese, and it was possible to apply weight loss plans in two cases of obesity in cats. The monitoring of these cases was conducted by the student every three weeks throughout the internship. The development of the curricular internship made it possible to develop both personally and professionally, providing more autonomy and self-confidence in executing the many interventions assigned to the veterinary nurse, beyond allowing the student to deepen and complement the acquired knowledge during the bachelor's.
Animal obesity is an increasingly prevalent condition that significantly affects the health and well-being of pet animals, not only in Portugal but also globally. This condition is characterized by the excessive accumulation of body fat, resulting in a body condition above the ideal. It is generally the result of an imbalance between caloric intake and energy spending, i.e., the animal is ingesting more calories than it burns. Obesity is considered a multifactorial disease, and its presence can result in a varied set of complications, including cardiorespiratory changes and reproductive, joint, and diabetes- related problems, reducing the animal's quality of life and longevity. Therefore, proper and early diagnosis is crucial through anamnesis and physical examination, which includes the evaluation of the body condition index and muscle mass index, in order to establish an adequate treatment for each animal's requirements. The present report was conducted within the scope of the final curricular internship for the Bachelor in Veterinary Nursing program at the Higher School of Biosciences of Elvas. The internship was conducted at the Vetsaraz Veterinary Clinic in Reguengos de Monsaraz for three months, between 26 February and 17 May 2024. During the internship, various activities were developed in the areas of surgery, hospitalization, and complementary diagnostic exams, intervening in 337 dogs and 156 cats. Of these, more than 40 were identified as overweight or obese, and it was possible to apply weight loss plans in two cases of obesity in cats. The monitoring of these cases was conducted by the student every three weeks throughout the internship. The development of the curricular internship made it possible to develop both personally and professionally, providing more autonomy and self-confidence in executing the many interventions assigned to the veterinary nurse, beyond allowing the student to deepen and complement the acquired knowledge during the bachelor's.
Description
Keywords
Obesidade Excesso de Peso Nutrição Animal Cão Gato Obesity Overweight Animal Nutrition Dog CAT
Citation
Louro, R.L. (2024). Obesidade em pequenos animais. Escola Superior Agrária de Elvas. Dissertação de Licenciatura. Repositório
Publisher
Escola Superior Agrária de Elvas