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Publication
Deteção da mentira em crianças
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Advisor(s)
Abstract(s)
A presente investigação tem como objetivo analisar se os indivíduos com formação em avaliação da credibilidade e veracidade do testemunho e se as forças de segurança (profissionais com experiência), conseguem detetar mais facilmente a mentira que indivíduos que não têm formação nem experiência.
A amostra é constituída por 101 participantes onde 32 tinham formação em avaliação do testemunho e no instrumento CBCA mas não tinham experiência na área, 37 não tinham formação na avaliação da credibilidade e veracidade do testemunho nem qualquer experiência na área e 32 pertenciam às forças de segurança portuguesas, nomeadamente Guarda Nacional Republicada e Policia de Segurança Pública. Para isso, foram apresentados quatro vídeos, dois com relatos verdadeiros e dois falsos. Os participantes deveriam identificar se o testemunho era verdadeiro ou falso, o grau de confiança que tinham na sua resposta e referir quais os indicadores que utilizaram para justificar a mesma, sendo que no grupo com formação os indicadores utilizados foram os critérios do CBCA. Os resultados observados não mostram diferenças estatisticamente
significativas, no entanto, verificou-se que quanto mais os participantes erravam menor era o seu grau de confiança na resposta. Relativamente aos indicadores em que baseavam as suas respostas, o grupo das forças de segurança baseou-se maioritariamente em indicadores verbais, enquanto o grupo de sujeitos sem
formação, baseou-se tendencialmente em indicadores verbais quando acertavam e em indicadores comportamentais quando erravam, corroborando a literatura que indica que os indicadores comportamentais induzem mais vezes em erro.
The present research aims to examine whether individuals with training in credibility and truthfulness evaluation of a witness and the security forces (experienced professionals) can better detect the truth that individuals who have no training or experience. The sample consists of 101 participants where 32 had training in evaluating the credibility and veracity of the witness as well as in the CBCA (criteria-based content analysis) instrument, 37 had no training in assessing the credibility and veracity of the witness or any experience in the field and 32 belonged to the Portuguese security forces. For this, participants were presented four videos, two truthful and two false reports, they should identify whether the testimony was true or false, and the degree of confidence they had in their response and what criteria they used to justify their answer, whereas in the group with training the utilized indicators were the CBCA criteria. The observed results do not present significant statistical differences, nevertheless it has been found that the more attendees made mistakes the lower the degree of confidence in the response got. Regarding the indicators in which they based their responses, the group of the security forces largely based their responses in verbal indicators, while the group of individuals with no training based in verbal indicators when they answered correctly and behavioral indicator when they were wrong, corroborating with the literature which indicates that the behavioral indicators induce more times in error.
The present research aims to examine whether individuals with training in credibility and truthfulness evaluation of a witness and the security forces (experienced professionals) can better detect the truth that individuals who have no training or experience. The sample consists of 101 participants where 32 had training in evaluating the credibility and veracity of the witness as well as in the CBCA (criteria-based content analysis) instrument, 37 had no training in assessing the credibility and veracity of the witness or any experience in the field and 32 belonged to the Portuguese security forces. For this, participants were presented four videos, two truthful and two false reports, they should identify whether the testimony was true or false, and the degree of confidence they had in their response and what criteria they used to justify their answer, whereas in the group with training the utilized indicators were the CBCA criteria. The observed results do not present significant statistical differences, nevertheless it has been found that the more attendees made mistakes the lower the degree of confidence in the response got. Regarding the indicators in which they based their responses, the group of the security forces largely based their responses in verbal indicators, while the group of individuals with no training based in verbal indicators when they answered correctly and behavioral indicator when they were wrong, corroborating with the literature which indicates that the behavioral indicators induce more times in error.
Description
Keywords
Mentira testemunho crianças CBCA Lying witness children
Citation
Journal of Child and Adolescent Psychology = Revista de Psicologia da Criança e do Adolescente. Lisboa, 5(1) 2014