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Publication
Prevalência de lesões da mucosa oral em pacientes pediátricos
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Abstract(s)
As lesões da mucosa oral em idade pediátrica abrangem um conjunto diversificado de alterações inflamatórias, infeciosas, traumáticas e reativas. Este trabalho teve como objetivo analisar a prevalência e distribuição das principais lesões da mucosa oral em crianças e adolescentes, através de uma revisão narrativa de literatura publicada entre 1988 e 2023.
Os estudos consultados foram divididos em estudos clínicos observacionais e estudos histopatológicos, que corresponderam a uma amostra de 120431 pacientes observados, e 45435 biopsias realizadas, respetivamente. Esta distinção é essencial, uma vez que os estudos observacionais refletem sobretudo lesões benignas, transitórias e de carácter inflamatório ou infecioso, enquanto os estudos histopatológicos se centram nas lesões submetidas a exame anatomopatológico, geralmente de natureza proliferativa ou reativa. As lesões clínicas mais frequentemente reportadas foram lesões traumáticas (2,20%) e úlceras orais recorrentes (2,12%), enquanto a prevalência de lesões biopsadas aponta para uma maior incidência de quistos de retenção (21,80%), lesões fibrosas (9,40%) e lesões reativas (5,80%).
As variações terminológicas e metodológicas identificadas entre estudos, aliadas às sucessivas atualizações da WHO Classification of Head and Neck Tumours (2005, 2017, 2024) demonstram a necessidade urgente de padronização dos critérios de diagnóstico e de classificação das lesões. Conclui-se que a uniformização metodológica é essencial para consolidar indicadores de prevalência fiáveis e comparáveis a nível internacional.
Oral mucosal lesions in paediatric population encompass a wide range of inflammatory, infectious, traumatic and reactive conditions. This study aimed to analyse the prevalence and distribution of the main oral mucosa lesion in children and adolescents through a narrative review of the literature published between 1988 and 2023. The studies reviewed were divided into clinical observational studies and histopathological studies, comprising a total sample of 120431 examined patients and 45435 biopsies performed, respectively. This distinction is essential, as observational studies mainly reflect benign, transient lesions of inflammatory or infectious nature, whereas histopathological studies focus on tissue samples submitted for microscopic analysis, generally representing proliferative or reactive conditions. The most frequently reported clinical lesions were traumatic injuries (2.20%) and recurrent oral ulcers (2.12%), while the prevalence of biopsied lesions indicated a higher incidence of retention cysts (21.80%), fibrous lesions (9.40%), and reactive lesions (5.80%). Terminological and methodological variations identified among studies, together with the successive revisions of the WHO Classification of Head and Neck Tumours (2005, 2017, 2024), underscore the urgent need for standardisation of diagnostic and classification criteria. It is concluded that methodological uniformity is essential to establish reliable and internationally comparable indicators of prevalence in paediatric oral health.
Oral mucosal lesions in paediatric population encompass a wide range of inflammatory, infectious, traumatic and reactive conditions. This study aimed to analyse the prevalence and distribution of the main oral mucosa lesion in children and adolescents through a narrative review of the literature published between 1988 and 2023. The studies reviewed were divided into clinical observational studies and histopathological studies, comprising a total sample of 120431 examined patients and 45435 biopsies performed, respectively. This distinction is essential, as observational studies mainly reflect benign, transient lesions of inflammatory or infectious nature, whereas histopathological studies focus on tissue samples submitted for microscopic analysis, generally representing proliferative or reactive conditions. The most frequently reported clinical lesions were traumatic injuries (2.20%) and recurrent oral ulcers (2.12%), while the prevalence of biopsied lesions indicated a higher incidence of retention cysts (21.80%), fibrous lesions (9.40%), and reactive lesions (5.80%). Terminological and methodological variations identified among studies, together with the successive revisions of the WHO Classification of Head and Neck Tumours (2005, 2017, 2024), underscore the urgent need for standardisation of diagnostic and classification criteria. It is concluded that methodological uniformity is essential to establish reliable and internationally comparable indicators of prevalence in paediatric oral health.
Description
Dissertação para obtenção do grau de Mestre no Instituto Universitário Egas Moniz
Keywords
Patologia oral Epidemiologia Prevalência Saúde oral pediátrica