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Prova Pericial: O consentimento do arguido nas perícias intrusivas
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Resumo(s)
O Direito e a Ciência são os grandes pilares da investigação criminal para que se alcance a realização da justiça e a descoberta da verdade material.
A investigação criminal socorre-se das ciências de forma a reconstituir os factos para que o autor do crime em investigação seja encontrado e, para tal, a lofoscopia e genética são duas áreas que mais contribuem para a identificação dos autores dos crimes.
Ambas as áreas exigem comparação entre o vestígio encontrado no local do crime, a amostra-problema, e a amostra colhida do suspeito do crime, a amostra-referência, porém para que a recolha possa ser efetivada é necessário o consentimento do visado.
O consentimento do visado nem sempre é possível obter, pelo que se poderá ultrapassar esta etapa com o despacho judicial de sujeição à diligência, que por se configurar uma ordem judicial o arguido terá de cumprir. No entanto, o ordenamento jurídico dá espaço para que o visado não consinta à sujeição mesmo que proveniente do despacho judicial.
A presente investigação explora a figura do consentimento do visado nas diversas etapas do processo penal e cabe entender se será o não consentimento do arguido, em sede de perícia intrusiva, uma barreira à descoberta da verdade material?
Law and Science are the great pillars of criminal investigation to achieve the realization of justice and the discovery of material truth. Criminal investigation relies on science to reconstruct the facts so that the perpetrator of the crime under investigation can be found, and for this purpose, forensics and genetics are two areas that most contribute to the identification of crime perpetrators. Both areas require a comparison between the trace found at the crime scene, the problem sample, and the sample collected from the crime suspect, the reference sample. However, for the collection to be carried out, the consent of the individual concerned is necessary. The consent of the individual concerned is not always possible to obtain, so this stage can be bypassed with a judicial order for the procedure, which, being a judicial order, the defendant will have to comply with. However, the legal system allows for the possibility that the subject may not consent to the submission even if it comes from a judicial order. The present investigation explores the figure of the consent of the subject in the various stages of the criminal process and it is necessary to understand whether the lack of consent of the accused, in the context of intrusive examination, constitutes a barrier to the discovery of the material truth?
Law and Science are the great pillars of criminal investigation to achieve the realization of justice and the discovery of material truth. Criminal investigation relies on science to reconstruct the facts so that the perpetrator of the crime under investigation can be found, and for this purpose, forensics and genetics are two areas that most contribute to the identification of crime perpetrators. Both areas require a comparison between the trace found at the crime scene, the problem sample, and the sample collected from the crime suspect, the reference sample. However, for the collection to be carried out, the consent of the individual concerned is necessary. The consent of the individual concerned is not always possible to obtain, so this stage can be bypassed with a judicial order for the procedure, which, being a judicial order, the defendant will have to comply with. However, the legal system allows for the possibility that the subject may not consent to the submission even if it comes from a judicial order. The present investigation explores the figure of the consent of the subject in the various stages of the criminal process and it is necessary to understand whether the lack of consent of the accused, in the context of intrusive examination, constitutes a barrier to the discovery of the material truth?
Descrição
Palavras-chave
Lofoscopy DNA Consent Reference sample Lofoscopia Consentimento Amostra-referência