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Intervenção de enfermagem promotora do autocuidado na pessoa com cancro da cabeça e pescoço sob quimioradioterapia
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Authors
Advisor(s)
Abstract(s)
O presente relatório insere-se no âmbito do 13º Mestrado em Enfermagem na
Área de Especialização em Enfermagem Médico-Cirúrgica, em Enfermagem Oncológica,
e tem como finalidade espelhar o percurso realizado na Unidade Curricular Estágio com
Relatório, com vista ao desenvolvimento de competências de enfermeira especialista e
de mestre. Para o efeito, descrevo o percurso académico realizado nos diferentes
campos de estágio, documentando e analisando os seus contributos para a
implementação de um projeto de intervenção.
O projeto de intervenção, que se operacionalizou no meu contexto laboral, visa
melhorar a qualidade dos cuidados de enfermagem prestados às pessoas com cancro
da cabeça e pescoço sob quimioradioterapia, com enfoque na promoção do seu
autocuidado. A necessidade de intervenção nesta população está amplamente
identificada na evidência científica e foi também referida como essencial pela equipa de
enfermagem onde me insiro.
Nesse sentido, e como ponto de partida, realizei uma revisão scoping para
responder à seguinte questão: “Quais as intervenções de enfermagem que promovem o
autocuidado da pessoa com cancro da cabeça e pescoço sob quimioradioterapia, do
acolhimento ao follow-up?”. A análise da amostra de artigos selecionados permitiu
mapear um conjunto de intervenções que promovem o autocuidado desta população
em dois momentos principais: acolhimento e fase ativa do tratamento e no período
após o tratamento/follow-up, sendo que o enfermeiro assume um papel central na teia
complexa de cuidados que estas pessoas requerem.
Recorri também à metodologia de projeto, que funcionou como guia orientador,
e escolhi a Teoria do Défice de Autocuidado na Enfermagem de Dorothea Orem como
filosofia de cuidados e conceção da prática.
Na procura da excelência que deve reger a nossa prática este projeto resultou na
realização de reflexões críticas; estudo de caso; tabela com intervenções promotoras do
autocuidado para esta população; checklist dos principais efeitos secundários da
quimioradioterapia; guia orientador de boas práticas e folheto de acolhimento.
This report is part of the 13th Master's Degree in Nursing, Specialization Area of Medical-Surgical Nursing in Oncology Nursing. It aims to mirror the course taken in the Curricular Unit Internship with Report, with a view to developing specialist and master nurse skills. To this end, I describe the academic path taken in the different internship fields, documenting and analysing their contributions to the implementation of an intervention project. The intervention project, which took place in my work context, aims to improve the quality of nursing care provided to people with head and neck cancer undergoing chemoradiotherapy, with a focus on promoting their self-care. The need for intervention in this population is widely identified in scientific evidence and was also referred to as essential by the nursing team I am part of in my working place. In this sense, and as a starting point, I carried out a scoping review to answer the following question: “What are the nursing interventions that promote self-care for people with head and neck cancer under chemoradiotherapy, from welcoming to followup?”. The analysis of the sample of selected articles allowed mapping a set of interventions that promote self-care in this population in two main moments: welcoming and active phase of treatment and in the period after treatment/follow-up, with the nurse assuming a central role in the complex web of care that these people require. I also resorted to the project methodology, which served as guidance, and chose Dorothea Orem's Self-Care Deficit Theory as a philosophy of care and practice design. In the search for the excellence that should govern our practice, this project resulted in critical reflections; case study; table with interventions that promote self-care of this population; checklist of the main secondary effects of chemoradiotherapy; guide for good practices and welcoming leaflet.
This report is part of the 13th Master's Degree in Nursing, Specialization Area of Medical-Surgical Nursing in Oncology Nursing. It aims to mirror the course taken in the Curricular Unit Internship with Report, with a view to developing specialist and master nurse skills. To this end, I describe the academic path taken in the different internship fields, documenting and analysing their contributions to the implementation of an intervention project. The intervention project, which took place in my work context, aims to improve the quality of nursing care provided to people with head and neck cancer undergoing chemoradiotherapy, with a focus on promoting their self-care. The need for intervention in this population is widely identified in scientific evidence and was also referred to as essential by the nursing team I am part of in my working place. In this sense, and as a starting point, I carried out a scoping review to answer the following question: “What are the nursing interventions that promote self-care for people with head and neck cancer under chemoradiotherapy, from welcoming to followup?”. The analysis of the sample of selected articles allowed mapping a set of interventions that promote self-care in this population in two main moments: welcoming and active phase of treatment and in the period after treatment/follow-up, with the nurse assuming a central role in the complex web of care that these people require. I also resorted to the project methodology, which served as guidance, and chose Dorothea Orem's Self-Care Deficit Theory as a philosophy of care and practice design. In the search for the excellence that should govern our practice, this project resulted in critical reflections; case study; table with interventions that promote self-care of this population; checklist of the main secondary effects of chemoradiotherapy; guide for good practices and welcoming leaflet.
Description
Keywords
Enfermagem oncológica Autocuidado Neoplasias de cabeça e pescoço Quimiorradioterapia Cuidados de enfermagem Acolhimento Seguimentos