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Abstract(s)
A Cidade de Macedo de Cavaleiros, localizada no centro do Distrito de BraganƧa, no Interior Norte de Portugal, foi o caso de estudo escolhido para a realizaĆ§Ć£o desta DissertaĆ§Ć£o.
Na anĆ”lise do processo de transformaĆ§Ć£o da estrutura urbana ā desde a origem do aglomerado atĆ© ao final do SĆ©culo XX ā foi estudada a influĆŖncia da histĆ³ria, das caraterĆsticas econĆ³micas, demogrĆ”ficas e socioculturais na transformaĆ§Ć£o da forma urbana e nos distintos modelos que caracterizaram o seu desenvolvimento ā desde o crescimento linear Ć expansĆ£o subordinada ao zonamento funcional.
A abordagem morfolĆ³gica foi organizada em dois grandes perĆodos de expansĆ£o. O primeiro inclui as primeiras quatro fases, entre o SĆ©culo XVII e o SĆ©culo XX. No segundo sĆ£o estudadas as dĆ©cadas de 1970 atĆ© 2000, correspondentes Ć quinta e Ćŗltima fase de expansĆ£o. As duas estradas nacionais que atravessavam a Vila sĆ£o consideradas os elementos morfolĆ³gicos decisivos na estruturaĆ§Ć£o do espaƧo urbano. TambĆ©m a linha fĆ©rrea, inaugurada em 1905, desencadeou o crescimento da Ć”rea envolvente Ć EstaĆ§Ć£o. O desenvolvimento da Vila, economicamente dependente da agropecuĆ”ria foi tambĆ©m, potenciado pela instalaĆ§Ć£o de novas Escolas PrimĆ”rias e pelo Hospital que assegurou a prestaĆ§Ć£o de cuidados de saĆŗde desde 1929. Este equipamento, Ć semelhanƧa de outros, foi evoluindo. Alguns foram demolidos, outros requalificados, outros ainda conheceram novas utilizaƧƵes. AtĆ© Ć dĆ©cada de 1990, o parque habitacional foi sempre diminuto face Ć s necessidades reais. A construĆ§Ć£o de alguns equipamentos originou novas carĆŖncias habitacionais e motivou a implantaĆ§Ć£o de novos bairros habitacionais nas suas proximidades. Tais como a Escola Superior Jean Piaget que resultou no afluxo de uma comunidade de estudantes, nas dĆ©cadas de 1990 e 2000. O declĆnio da procura desta Escola, pelas condicionantes nacionais de emprego, jĆ” na dĆ©cada de 2010, provocou uma queda da economia local.
Atualmente, Macedo de Cavaleiros, Ć semelhanƧa de outros aglomerados do interior do PaĆs, Ć© um territĆ³rio envelhecido e desertificado, que vive essencialmente da prestaĆ§Ć£o de serviƧos. Por cada 100 jovens, existem 240 idosos. Os objetivos do planeamento urbanĆstico passarĆ£o inevitavelmente pela promoĆ§Ć£o de estratĆ©gias inovadoras consubstanciadas em questƵes urbanĆsticas sustentĆ”veis.
Em Macedo de Cavaleiros o espaƧo urbano estarĆ”, como no passado, em contĆnua transformaĆ§Ć£o espacial e social.
Abstract: The city of Macedo de Cavaleiros, located in the district of BraganƧa in the interior North of Portugal was chosen a case of study for this Dissertation. The analysis of the process of transformation of the urban structure ā from the origin of agglomeration until the end of XX Century ā studied the influence of history, its economic, demographic and socio-cultural characteristics in the transformation of urban sintering and the distinct models that characterize its development ā from its birth through to the expansion of functional areas. The morphological approach was organized into two long periods of expansion. The first period includes the first four phases, between the XVII and XX Centuries. In the second period the decades from 1970 through to 2000 are studied, which correspond to the fifth and last phase of expansion. The two national roads that pass through the town are considered the decisive morphological elements in the structure of urban space. The railway line, inaugurated in 1905, sparkled development in the area surrounding the station. The townās development, economically dependent of animal growth, was also potentiated by the erection of new primary schools and the hospital that assured medical care since 1929. This equipment, similar to others, evolved. Some were demolished, others were upturned, and yet others met other uses. Until the 1990ās decade, housing was minimal in contrast with demand. The construction of some equipment originated new scarcities of housing and motivated the establishment of new districts in their neighborhood. The establishment of the Escola Superior Jean Piaget resulted in the rush of a student community between the decades of 1990 and 2000. The quest for this school diminished considerably by the national job restrictions and in 2010 caused a severe blow in local economy. Today, Macedo de Cavaleiros, similar to other agglomerations throughout the country, is a aged and deserted territory which lives mainly of services. There are 240 elderly people for 100 teenagers. The purpose of urban planning will inevitably go through the promotion of innovative strategies embodied in sustainable urban questions. In Macedo de Cavaleiros the urban space will be, as in the past, in continuous transformation both special and social.
Abstract: The city of Macedo de Cavaleiros, located in the district of BraganƧa in the interior North of Portugal was chosen a case of study for this Dissertation. The analysis of the process of transformation of the urban structure ā from the origin of agglomeration until the end of XX Century ā studied the influence of history, its economic, demographic and socio-cultural characteristics in the transformation of urban sintering and the distinct models that characterize its development ā from its birth through to the expansion of functional areas. The morphological approach was organized into two long periods of expansion. The first period includes the first four phases, between the XVII and XX Centuries. In the second period the decades from 1970 through to 2000 are studied, which correspond to the fifth and last phase of expansion. The two national roads that pass through the town are considered the decisive morphological elements in the structure of urban space. The railway line, inaugurated in 1905, sparkled development in the area surrounding the station. The townās development, economically dependent of animal growth, was also potentiated by the erection of new primary schools and the hospital that assured medical care since 1929. This equipment, similar to others, evolved. Some were demolished, others were upturned, and yet others met other uses. Until the 1990ās decade, housing was minimal in contrast with demand. The construction of some equipment originated new scarcities of housing and motivated the establishment of new districts in their neighborhood. The establishment of the Escola Superior Jean Piaget resulted in the rush of a student community between the decades of 1990 and 2000. The quest for this school diminished considerably by the national job restrictions and in 2010 caused a severe blow in local economy. Today, Macedo de Cavaleiros, similar to other agglomerations throughout the country, is a aged and deserted territory which lives mainly of services. There are 240 elderly people for 100 teenagers. The purpose of urban planning will inevitably go through the promotion of innovative strategies embodied in sustainable urban questions. In Macedo de Cavaleiros the urban space will be, as in the past, in continuous transformation both special and social.
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Keywords
Macedo de Cavaleiros Morfologia Urbanismo