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Parâmetros somatossensoriais, atividade física e aptidão física: haverá uma relação em indivíduos saudáveis portugueses?
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Advisor(s)
Abstract(s)
Introdução: A implementação do exercício físico é uma das intervenções mais efetivas no
tratamento e prevenção das condições músculo-esqueléticas, sendo a sua efetividade atribuída
à melhoria das componentes da aptidão física. Contudo descobertas recentes desafiam esta
perspetiva, realçando o potencial envolvimento dos mecanismos neurofisiológicos e
somatossensoriais. Dada essa possibilidade, a literatura recomenda estudos adicionais que
investiguem o real impacto da aptidão física no sistema nociceptivo em indivíduos saudáveis.
Objetivo: Analisar a associação entre a aptidão e atividade física com os diferentes resultados
dos parâmetros somatossensoriais em pessoas saudáveis portuguesas.
Metodologia: Um protocolo do Quantitative Sensory Testing (QST) para a região lombar foi
utilizado para avaliar o perfil somatossensorial numa única sessão por participante. A aptidão
física foi mesurada através do 6 minute Walk Test (capacidade cardiorrespiratória), 1 minute Sit
to Stand (força muscular membros inferiores) e o Handgrip Strength Test (força muscular
membros superiores) enquanto a atividade física foi avaliada através do IPAQ. Todos os
procedimentos foram efetuados pelos mesmos investigadores seguindo uma sequência
padronizada. Para a análise de dados foram calculadas as correlações de Spearman e os testes
de Mann-Whitney e Kruskal-Wallis.
Resultados: A amostra em estudo foi constituída por 37 participantes. Observaram-se
correlações significativas (p≤0,05) entre níveis mais altos de aptidão física e maiores limiares
térmicos de dor ao calor, maiores limiares mecânicos de dor à pressão, maior adaptabilidade
nociceptiva e menores limiares de deteção térmica ao frio. Maiores níveis de atividade física
vigorosa e maior intensidade da caminhada foram associados a maiores limiares de deteção ao
calor e menor perceção de dor a estímulos repetitivos. Por sua vez, na comparação entre os
grupos de aptidão física, os indivíduos mais ativos parecem demonstrar significativamente
menores limiares de deteção térmica de calor, maiores limiares de dor ao calor e maior
adaptabilidade e tolerância nociceptiva.
Conclusão: Este estudo fornece um contributo relevante para a prática clínica em fisioterapia
suportando, parcialmente, a hipótese de que melhores níveis de aptidão física estão
significativamente associados a melhor eficiência do sistema somatossensorial. Neste sentido,
é reforçado o potencial do exercício físico como estratégia central na prevenção e gestão da
dor.
Introduction: Physical exercise is one of the most effective interventions for the treatment and prevention of musculoskeletal conditions, with its effectiveness often attributed to improvements in physical fitness components. However, recent findings challenge this perspective, highlighting the potential involvement of neurophysiological and somatosensory mechanisms. Given this possibility, the literature recommends further studies to investigate the real impact of physical fitness on the nociceptive system in healthy individuals. Objective: To analyse the association between physical fitness and physical activity with different somatosensory parameter outcomes in healthy Portuguese individuals. Methodology: A Quantitative Sensory Testing (QST) protocol for the lumbar region was used to assess the somatosensory profile in a single session per participant. Physical fitness was measured using the 6-Minute Walk Test (cardiorespiratory capacity), 1-Minute Sit-to-Stand Test (lower limb muscle strength), and Handgrip Strength Test (upper limb muscle strength), while physical activity levels were assessed using the IPAQ. All procedures were conducted by the same investigators following a standardized sequence. Data analysis included Spearman correlations, Mann-Whitney, and Kruskal-Wallis tests. Results: The study sample consisted of 37 participants. Significant correlations (p≤0.05) were observed between higher physical fitness levels and higher heat pain thresholds, higher mechanical pressure pain thresholds, greater nociceptive adaptability, and lower cold detection thresholds. Higher levels of vigorous physical activity and greater walking intensity were associated with higher heat detection thresholds and lower pain perception to repetitive stimuli. In turn, when comparing physical fitness groups, more active individuals appeared to demonstrate significantly lower heat detection thresholds, higher heat pain thresholds, and greater nociceptive adaptability and tolerance. Conclusion: This study provides relevant insights for clinical physiotherapy practice, partially supporting the hypothesis that better physical fitness levels are significantly associated with improved efficiency of the somatosensory system. These findings reinforce the potential of physical exercise as a central strategy in pain prevention and management.
Introduction: Physical exercise is one of the most effective interventions for the treatment and prevention of musculoskeletal conditions, with its effectiveness often attributed to improvements in physical fitness components. However, recent findings challenge this perspective, highlighting the potential involvement of neurophysiological and somatosensory mechanisms. Given this possibility, the literature recommends further studies to investigate the real impact of physical fitness on the nociceptive system in healthy individuals. Objective: To analyse the association between physical fitness and physical activity with different somatosensory parameter outcomes in healthy Portuguese individuals. Methodology: A Quantitative Sensory Testing (QST) protocol for the lumbar region was used to assess the somatosensory profile in a single session per participant. Physical fitness was measured using the 6-Minute Walk Test (cardiorespiratory capacity), 1-Minute Sit-to-Stand Test (lower limb muscle strength), and Handgrip Strength Test (upper limb muscle strength), while physical activity levels were assessed using the IPAQ. All procedures were conducted by the same investigators following a standardized sequence. Data analysis included Spearman correlations, Mann-Whitney, and Kruskal-Wallis tests. Results: The study sample consisted of 37 participants. Significant correlations (p≤0.05) were observed between higher physical fitness levels and higher heat pain thresholds, higher mechanical pressure pain thresholds, greater nociceptive adaptability, and lower cold detection thresholds. Higher levels of vigorous physical activity and greater walking intensity were associated with higher heat detection thresholds and lower pain perception to repetitive stimuli. In turn, when comparing physical fitness groups, more active individuals appeared to demonstrate significantly lower heat detection thresholds, higher heat pain thresholds, and greater nociceptive adaptability and tolerance. Conclusion: This study provides relevant insights for clinical physiotherapy practice, partially supporting the hypothesis that better physical fitness levels are significantly associated with improved efficiency of the somatosensory system. These findings reinforce the potential of physical exercise as a central strategy in pain prevention and management.
Description
Keywords
Quantitative Sensory Testing Aptidão Física Atividade Física Indivíduos Saudáveis Parâmetros Somatossensoriais Sistema nociceptivo Exercício Físico Physical Fitness Physical Activity Healthy Individuals, Somatosensory Parameters Nociceptive System, Physical Exercise