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A promoção do cuidado de si no familiar cuidador da pessoa idosa com dor crónica
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| 5.58 MB | Adobe PDF |
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Abstract(s)
Assistimos ao aumento da população idosa a nível nacional (INE, 2017 e 2019).
O envelhecimento da população traz novos desafios no paradigma do cuidar, uma vez
que há um aumento de pessoas idosas portadoras de doenças crónicas,
nomeadamente com dor crónica. Os cuidados de enfermagem àpessoa idosa, com
dor crónica, necessitam de incluir o familiar cuidador, uma vez que o indivíduo existe
pela sua família e na sua família (OE, 2000). Quando se assume o papel de familiar
cuidador potenciam-se alterações à rotina do indivíduo e ao cuidado de Si, podendo
conduzir a mudanças na sua própria saúde causada por maior sobrecarga física e
emocional (Muniz, Freitas, Oliveira & Lacerda, 2016; Ribeiro et al, 2017).
Com base nestes pressupostos desenvolvemos um projeto com a finalidade
de: desenvolver competências como enfermeira especialista e mestre nos cuidados à
pessoa idosa com dor crónica e ao familiar cuidador através de uma intervenção em
parceria que promova o Cuidado de Si. Pretendíamos, nomeadamente descrever as
necessidades/difuculdades do familiar cuidador da pessoa idosa com dor crónica e
contribuir para capacitar os enfermeiros para responder às necessidades dos
familiares cuidadores. A metodologia de trabalho adotada foi a metodologia de projeto.
Realizaram-se entrevistas a 8 familiares cuidadores de pessoas idosas com dor
crónica. Os dados foram analisados por análise de conteúdo. O estágio decorreu entre
23 de setembro de 2019 e 7 de fevereiro de 2020 num Centro Multidisciplinar de Dor
(CMD) e num serviço de internamento médico-cirúrgico de um hospital privado,
igualmente da grande Lisboa.
Os resultados das entrevistas salientaram que para o familiar cuidador a dor
tem uma conotação negativa, tendo dificuldade em descrever e determinar
objetivamente as causas de dor da pessoa idosa. O projeto de vida do familiar
cuidador sofre influência da situação do contexto de dor do familiar que cuidava,
influenciando nomeadamente a sua rotina laboral. Salientaram-se também alterações
emocionais e físicas, em que por vezes o familiar cuidador relega a sua saúde e o
cuidado de Si para segundo plano. Apesar destes achados, os familiares cuidadores
deste estudo não percepcionaram o cuidado e as atividades desenvolvidas como uma
sobrecarga. No segundo local de estágio foram realizadas intervenções que
permitiram capacitar na prática de cuidados a equipa de enfermagem com estratégias
de avaliação e registo sistemático da dor no contexto da pessoa idosa com dor
crónica. Este processo formativo revelou-se enriquecedor e gratificante, pois permitiu
o desenvolvimento de competências de mestre e especialista em Enfermagem
médico-cirúrgica na vertente da pessoa idosa numa prática de cuidados em parceria
com a pessoa idosa com dor crónica e o seu familiar cuidador.
We are witnessing an increase in the elderly population nationwide (INE, 2017 and 2019). The aging of the population brings new challenges in the care paradigm, as there is an increase in elderly people with chronic diseases, namely those with chronic pain. Nursing care for elderly people with chronic pain needs to include the family caregiver, since the individual exists for his family and in his family (OE, 2000). When the role of family caregiver is assumed, changes to the individual's routine and self-care are enhanced, which can lead to changes in their own health caused by greater physical and emotional overload (Muniz, Freitas, Oliveira & Lacerda, 2016; Ribeiro et al, 2017). Based on these assumptions, we developed a project with the aim of: developing skills as a specialist nurse and master in caring for the elderly with chronic pain and family caregivers through a partnership intervention that promotes Self-Care. We pretended to describe de needs/difficulties of family caregivers of elderly people with chronic pain and contribute to enabling nurses to respond to the needs of family caregivers. The work methodology adopted was the project methodology. Interviews were conducted with 8 family caregivers of erderly people with chronic pain. Data were analyzed by content analysis. The internship took place between September 23, 2019 and February 7, 2020 in a Multidisciplinary Pain Center (MPC) and in a medical surgical inpatient service of a private hospital, also in greater Lisbon. The results of the interviews highlited that for family caregiver, pain has a negative connotation, having difficulty in describing and objectively determining tha causes of pain in the elderly. The family caregivers life project is in dauenced by the situation in the context of pain of the family member who is cared for, in particular influencing the work routine. Emotional and physical changes were also highlighted, in which sometimes the family caregiver relegates their health and self-care to the background. Despite these findings, the family caregivers in this study they did not perveive the care and the activities developed as an overload. In the second internship place, interventions were carried out that enabled the nursing team to be trained in the practice of care eith the assessment strategies and systematic pain recording in the context of elderly people with chronic pain. This training process proved to be enriching and rewarding, as it allowed the development of master’s and specialist skills in medical-sugical Nursing in the elderly person’s aspect in a care practice in partnership with elderly people with chronic pain and the family caregiver.
We are witnessing an increase in the elderly population nationwide (INE, 2017 and 2019). The aging of the population brings new challenges in the care paradigm, as there is an increase in elderly people with chronic diseases, namely those with chronic pain. Nursing care for elderly people with chronic pain needs to include the family caregiver, since the individual exists for his family and in his family (OE, 2000). When the role of family caregiver is assumed, changes to the individual's routine and self-care are enhanced, which can lead to changes in their own health caused by greater physical and emotional overload (Muniz, Freitas, Oliveira & Lacerda, 2016; Ribeiro et al, 2017). Based on these assumptions, we developed a project with the aim of: developing skills as a specialist nurse and master in caring for the elderly with chronic pain and family caregivers through a partnership intervention that promotes Self-Care. We pretended to describe de needs/difficulties of family caregivers of elderly people with chronic pain and contribute to enabling nurses to respond to the needs of family caregivers. The work methodology adopted was the project methodology. Interviews were conducted with 8 family caregivers of erderly people with chronic pain. Data were analyzed by content analysis. The internship took place between September 23, 2019 and February 7, 2020 in a Multidisciplinary Pain Center (MPC) and in a medical surgical inpatient service of a private hospital, also in greater Lisbon. The results of the interviews highlited that for family caregiver, pain has a negative connotation, having difficulty in describing and objectively determining tha causes of pain in the elderly. The family caregivers life project is in dauenced by the situation in the context of pain of the family member who is cared for, in particular influencing the work routine. Emotional and physical changes were also highlighted, in which sometimes the family caregiver relegates their health and self-care to the background. Despite these findings, the family caregivers in this study they did not perveive the care and the activities developed as an overload. In the second internship place, interventions were carried out that enabled the nursing team to be trained in the practice of care eith the assessment strategies and systematic pain recording in the context of elderly people with chronic pain. This training process proved to be enriching and rewarding, as it allowed the development of master’s and specialist skills in medical-sugical Nursing in the elderly person’s aspect in a care practice in partnership with elderly people with chronic pain and the family caregiver.
Description
Keywords
Enfermagem geriátrica Cuidadores Idoso Dor crónica Autocuidado