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Indirect Immunofluorescence Assay Optimization For Borrelia Burgdorferi Sensu Lato Detection In Dogs From Lisbon
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A borreliose de Lyme (BL), vulgarmente conhecida como doença de Lyme (DL), é uma doença emergente transmitida por vetores causada pelo complexo Borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato (s.l.). Esta doença é amplamente registada em seres humanos e em algumas espécies animais, como os cães domésticos. O complexo B. burgdorferi s.l. inclui várias espécies e genoespécies responsáveis pela DL na Europa. Os principais membros incluem a Borrelia burgdorferi sensu stricto (s.s.), associada à artrite e a sintomas neurológicos; a Borrelia garinii, associada a manifestações neurológicas como a neuroborreliose; a Borrelia afzelii, conhecida por manifestações dermatológicas como a acrodermatite crónica atrófica; Borrelia spielmanii, associada a sintomas cutâneos e articulares; Borrelia bavariensis, causadora de neuroborreliose; Borrelia lusitaniae, presente no sul da Europa e associada a doenças humanas, sendo os lagartos potenciais reservatórios; Borrelia valaisiana, menos frequentemente associada a doenças humanas, mas presente em vetores e hospedeiros europeus de carraças; e Borrelia bissettii, capaz de causar sintomas da doença de Lyme e registada na Europa, apesar de ser mais comum na América do Norte. Estas espécies contribuem para as diversas manifestações clínicas da DL na Europa, incluindo lesões cutâneas, neurológicas e envolvimento das articulações. Este estudo otimiza e investiga a seroprevalência de BL em cães do centro de Lisboa, Portugal, utilizando o método de deteção de imunoglobulina G (IgG) por ensaio de imunofluorescência (IFA). A metodologia do estudo envolveu a recolha de amostras de sangue de cães no Anicura - Hospital Veterinário do Restelo em Lisboa, Portugal, e a determinação da positividade por deteção de imunofluorescência contra antigénios de B. garinii.
Os resultados mostraram que 9 de 24 amostras eram seropositivas para B. garinii, indicando exposição à bactéria. Os resultados do estudo sublinham a importância do diagnóstico e da gestão da DL em cães, uma vez que estes servem como sentinelas da exposição humana. As limitações incluem o pequeno tamanho da amostra e o potencial viés de seleção resultante da localização do hospital numa área metropolitana, salientando a necessidade de mais investigação com amostras maiores e mais diversificadas. No geral, este estudo fornece informações cruciais sobre epidemiologia da DL em cães em Lisboa e enfatiza a necessidade de medidas preventivas eficazes e de investigação contínua nesta área.
Lyme borreliosis (LB), commonly known as Lyme disease (LD), is an emerging vector-borne illness caused by the Borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato (s.l.) complex. This disease is widely reported in humans and some animal species, such as domestic dogs. The B. burgdorferi s.l. complex includes various species and genospecies responsible for LD in Europe. Key members include Borrelia burgdorferi sensu stricto (s.s.), associated with arthritis and neurological symptoms; Borrelia garinii, linked to neurological manifestations such as neuroborreliosis; Borrelia afzelii, known for dermatological manifestations such as acrodermatitis chronica atrophicans; Borrelia spielmanii, associated with skin and joint symptoms; Borrelia bavariensis, causing neuroborreliosis; Borrelia lusitaniae, found in southern Europe and linked to human disease with lizards as potential reservoirs; Borrelia valaisiana, less commonly associated with human disease but present in European tick vectors and hosts; and Borrelia bissettii, capable of causing Lyme disease symptoms and reported in Europe despite being more common in North America. These species contribute to the diverse clinical manifestations of LD in Europe, including skin lesions, neurological, and joint involvement. This study optimizes and investigates the seroprevalence of LB in dogs from central Lisbon, Portugal, using the immunofluorescence assay (IFA) immunoglobulin G (IgG) detection method. The study's methodology involved collecting blood samples from dogs at Anicura - Hospital Veterinário do Restelo in Lisbon, Portugal, and determining the positivity by immunofluorescence detection against B. garinii antigens. Results showed 9 out of 24 samples were seropositive for B. garinii, indicating exposure to the bacterium. The study's findings underscore the importance of LD diagnosis and management in dogs, as they serve as sentinels for human exposure. Limitations include the small sample size and potential selection bias resultant from the hospital location in a metropolitan area, highlighting the need for further research with larger and more diverse samples. Overall, this study provides crucial insights into LD epidemiology in dogs in Lisbon and emphasizes the necessity of effective preventive measures and continued research in this area.
Lyme borreliosis (LB), commonly known as Lyme disease (LD), is an emerging vector-borne illness caused by the Borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato (s.l.) complex. This disease is widely reported in humans and some animal species, such as domestic dogs. The B. burgdorferi s.l. complex includes various species and genospecies responsible for LD in Europe. Key members include Borrelia burgdorferi sensu stricto (s.s.), associated with arthritis and neurological symptoms; Borrelia garinii, linked to neurological manifestations such as neuroborreliosis; Borrelia afzelii, known for dermatological manifestations such as acrodermatitis chronica atrophicans; Borrelia spielmanii, associated with skin and joint symptoms; Borrelia bavariensis, causing neuroborreliosis; Borrelia lusitaniae, found in southern Europe and linked to human disease with lizards as potential reservoirs; Borrelia valaisiana, less commonly associated with human disease but present in European tick vectors and hosts; and Borrelia bissettii, capable of causing Lyme disease symptoms and reported in Europe despite being more common in North America. These species contribute to the diverse clinical manifestations of LD in Europe, including skin lesions, neurological, and joint involvement. This study optimizes and investigates the seroprevalence of LB in dogs from central Lisbon, Portugal, using the immunofluorescence assay (IFA) immunoglobulin G (IgG) detection method. The study's methodology involved collecting blood samples from dogs at Anicura - Hospital Veterinário do Restelo in Lisbon, Portugal, and determining the positivity by immunofluorescence detection against B. garinii antigens. Results showed 9 out of 24 samples were seropositive for B. garinii, indicating exposure to the bacterium. The study's findings underscore the importance of LD diagnosis and management in dogs, as they serve as sentinels for human exposure. Limitations include the small sample size and potential selection bias resultant from the hospital location in a metropolitan area, highlighting the need for further research with larger and more diverse samples. Overall, this study provides crucial insights into LD epidemiology in dogs in Lisbon and emphasizes the necessity of effective preventive measures and continued research in this area.
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Borreliose De Lyme Borrelia Burgdorferi Sensu Lato Borrelia Garinii Seroprevalência Cães Lisboa Ensaio De Imunofluorescência (IFA) Doenças Transmitidas Por Carraças Lyme Borreliosis Seroprevalence Dogs Lisbon Immunofluorescence Assay (IFA) Tick-Borne Diseases