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A polimedicação associada aos diferentes estadios da doença de Parkinson : uma revisão bibliográfica
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Resumo(s)
As doenças neurodegenerativas resultam de uma deterioração progressiva das células do sistema nervoso, levando a alterações funcionais graduais. Estas doenças são caracterizadas por serem incuráveis, debilitantes, de início insidioso e de progressão crónica, além de serem a principal fonte de incapacidade no mundo.
Atualmente, a doença de Parkinson (DP) é a segunda doença neurodegenerativa mais comum no mundo, tendo sido documentado um aumento significativo da sua prevalência nas últimas décadas. De acordo com dados epidemiológicos, é mais prevalente no sexo masculino e a partir dos 60 anos.
A DP é uma doença caracterizada por sintomas motores como bradicinesia, tremor em repouso, rigidez muscular e instabilidade postural, bem como por sintomas não motores. Como tal, devido à sua natureza multissistémica e juntamente com o envelhecimento e outras comorbilidades, a polimedicação é comum e desafiadora, sobretudo nos estadios intermédios e avançados, e os problemas relacionados com o medicamento (PRM) são frequentes.
Esta monografia tem por objetivo compilar e organizar a literatura recente relativa à terapêutica farmacológica e não farmacológica aprovada para a DP, para as manifestações motoras e não motoras, com o intuito de minimizar interações e otimizar o uso de medicamentos nos indivíduos com esta patologia. Inclui informações de farmacodinâmica e farmacocinética, de forma a ser uma ferramenta prática na farmacovigilância para farmacêuticos ou outros profissionais de saúde.
Neurodegenerative diseases result from a progressive deterioration of the cells of the nervous system, leading to gradual functional changes. These diseases are characterized by being incurable, debilitating, insidious in onset and chronically progressing, in addition to being the main source of disability in the world. Currently, Parkinson's disease (PD) is the second most common neurodegenerative disease in the world, and a significant increase in its prevalence has been documented in recent decades. According to epidemiological data, it is more prevalent in males and from the age of 60. PD is a disease characterized by motor symptoms such as bradykinesia, tremor at rest, muscle stiffness, and postural instability, as well as non-motor symptoms. As such, due to its multisystemic nature and together with aging and other comorbidities, polypharmacy is common and challenging, especially in the intermediate and advanced stages, and drug-related problems (DRP) are frequent. This monograph aims to compile and organize the recent literature on pharmacological and non-pharmacological therapy approved for PD, for motor and non-motor manifestations, in order to minimize interactions and optimize the use of medications in individuals with this pathology. It includes pharmacodynamic and pharmacokinetic information, in order to be a practical tool in pharmacovigilance for pharmacists or other health professionals.
Neurodegenerative diseases result from a progressive deterioration of the cells of the nervous system, leading to gradual functional changes. These diseases are characterized by being incurable, debilitating, insidious in onset and chronically progressing, in addition to being the main source of disability in the world. Currently, Parkinson's disease (PD) is the second most common neurodegenerative disease in the world, and a significant increase in its prevalence has been documented in recent decades. According to epidemiological data, it is more prevalent in males and from the age of 60. PD is a disease characterized by motor symptoms such as bradykinesia, tremor at rest, muscle stiffness, and postural instability, as well as non-motor symptoms. As such, due to its multisystemic nature and together with aging and other comorbidities, polypharmacy is common and challenging, especially in the intermediate and advanced stages, and drug-related problems (DRP) are frequent. This monograph aims to compile and organize the recent literature on pharmacological and non-pharmacological therapy approved for PD, for motor and non-motor manifestations, in order to minimize interactions and optimize the use of medications in individuals with this pathology. It includes pharmacodynamic and pharmacokinetic information, in order to be a practical tool in pharmacovigilance for pharmacists or other health professionals.
Descrição
Dissertação para obtenção do grau de Mestre no Instituto Universitário Egas Moniz
Palavras-chave
Doença de Parkinson Polimedicação Revisão da terapêutica Interações medicamentosas