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A perceção de empregados e empregadores sobre o impacto da Formação Profissional: o caso de pequenas e Médias Empresas da região de Portalegre
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Abstract(s)
É hoje atribuída à formação profissional uma dinâmica nunca vista, sendo já assumida como um fator diferenciador e de competitividade, tanto ao nível pessoal como ao nível profissional. O investimento na formação profissional é uma preocupação crescente como forma de resposta a desafios constantes do mercado de emprego (Martins, 1995).
Este trabalho pretende aferir a perceção de empregadores e empregados de pequenas e médias empresas da região de Portalegre em relação à eficácia da formação profissional. É ainda objetivo perceber se existe relação entre as variáveis em estudo e quais as variáveis que predizem a eficácia da formação.
Como forma de dar cumprimento a este objetivo procedeu-se a uma pesquisa
exploratória quantitativa através da aplicação de questionários a empregados e
empregadores, cujas questões foram posteriormente agrupadas e analisadas por
dimensões (Empregados - dimensão do Desempenho da Aprendizagem, dimensão do Desempenho Individual e dimensão do Desenvolvimento Organizacional;
Empregadores – dimensão Apoio dos Superiores, dimensão Sanções dos Superiores e dimensão Alteração Comportamental) e a uma pesquisa descritiva através da análise de dados já existentes.
O estudo foi feito numa amostra de 69 participantes de pequenas e médias empresas da região de Portalegre, sendo que 14 são empregadores e 55 são empregados. Os resultados mostram que quer empregados, quer empregadores dão importância à formação profissional. Os empregados valorizam sobretudo a formação profissional para um incremento do seu desenvolvimento individual, enquanto os empregadores, valoriza o apoio/reforço dos superiores que os indivíduos recebem antes e depois de frequentar uma ação de formação.
Para percebermos se existia ou não relação entre as variáveis procedemos ao estudo da correlação, utilizando o coeficiente de Pearson. Os resultados apontam para correlações positivas estatisticamente significativas, o que nos permitiu concluir que existe relação entre as dimensões em estudo. Seguiu-se o estudo dos preditores da perceção da eficácia da formação profissional para empregados e empregadores através do estudo da regressão linear múltipla, utilizando o método stepwiser No caso dos empregadores o maior preditor é a dimensão Sanção dos Superiores que mais contribui para a eficácia da formação, e no caso dos empregados a dimensão Desempenho Individual. Em suma, os resultados obtidos através da aplicação e análise dos questionários demonstraram inequivocamente que as perceções de empregados e empregadores dePME da Região de Portalegre em relação ao impacto da formação profissional é idêntica. Os empregados e os empregadores dão uma enorme importância à realização de formação profissional.
Nowadays, professional training is attributed with an unprecedented dynamism, already being recognized as a differentiating and competitive factor, both at the personal and professional levels. Investment in professional training is a growing concern as a response to constant challenges in the job market (Martins, 1995). This research aims to assess the perception of employers and employees in small and medium-sized enterprises in the Portalegre region regarding the effectiveness of professional training. The goal is also to understand if there is a relationship between the variables under study and which variables predict the effectiveness of training. In order to reach the goal, a quantitative exploratory research was conducted based in the answers given to questionnaires , which questions were subsequently grouped and analyzed by its dimensions (Employees - Learning Performance dimension, Individual Performance dimension, and Organizational Development dimension; Employers - Support from Superiors dimension, Sanctions from Superiors dimension, and Behavioral Change dimension), Also it was performed a descriptive research based on the analysis of existing data. The study was conducted on a sample of 69 participants from small and medium-sized enterprises in the Portalegre region, with 14 being employers and 55 employees. The results show that both employees and employers do recognise the importance to professional training. Employees value professional training mainly for their individual development, while employers value the support/reinforcement employees receive before and after attending a training session. To determine whether there was a relationship between the variables, correlationanalysis was conducted using the Pearson coefficient. The results indicate statistically significant positive correlations, allowing us to conclude that there is a relationship between the dimensions being studied. This was followed by the study of predictors ofthe perception of the effectiveness of professional training for employees and employers based on multiple linear regression analysis using the stepwise regression method.In the case of employers, the major predictor is the Sanctions from Superiors dimension, which contributes the most to the effectiveness of training. In the case of employee, the Individual Performance dimension contributes the most to the effectiveness of training. In short, the results obtained based on analysis of answers given to questionnaires unequivocally demonstrate that the perceptions of employees and employers in SMEs in the Portalegre Region regarding the impact of professional training are identical. Both employees and employers do recognise great importance to undergoing professional training.
Nowadays, professional training is attributed with an unprecedented dynamism, already being recognized as a differentiating and competitive factor, both at the personal and professional levels. Investment in professional training is a growing concern as a response to constant challenges in the job market (Martins, 1995). This research aims to assess the perception of employers and employees in small and medium-sized enterprises in the Portalegre region regarding the effectiveness of professional training. The goal is also to understand if there is a relationship between the variables under study and which variables predict the effectiveness of training. In order to reach the goal, a quantitative exploratory research was conducted based in the answers given to questionnaires , which questions were subsequently grouped and analyzed by its dimensions (Employees - Learning Performance dimension, Individual Performance dimension, and Organizational Development dimension; Employers - Support from Superiors dimension, Sanctions from Superiors dimension, and Behavioral Change dimension), Also it was performed a descriptive research based on the analysis of existing data. The study was conducted on a sample of 69 participants from small and medium-sized enterprises in the Portalegre region, with 14 being employers and 55 employees. The results show that both employees and employers do recognise the importance to professional training. Employees value professional training mainly for their individual development, while employers value the support/reinforcement employees receive before and after attending a training session. To determine whether there was a relationship between the variables, correlationanalysis was conducted using the Pearson coefficient. The results indicate statistically significant positive correlations, allowing us to conclude that there is a relationship between the dimensions being studied. This was followed by the study of predictors ofthe perception of the effectiveness of professional training for employees and employers based on multiple linear regression analysis using the stepwise regression method.In the case of employers, the major predictor is the Sanctions from Superiors dimension, which contributes the most to the effectiveness of training. In the case of employee, the Individual Performance dimension contributes the most to the effectiveness of training. In short, the results obtained based on analysis of answers given to questionnaires unequivocally demonstrate that the perceptions of employees and employers in SMEs in the Portalegre Region regarding the impact of professional training are identical. Both employees and employers do recognise great importance to undergoing professional training.
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Keywords
Formação profissional empregados empregadores, perceção, eficácia geral da formação Professional training employees employers perception, overall effectiveness of training.