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Estudo de viabilidade económica para iInstalação de UPAC e adoção de veículos elétricos na indústria
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| 5.16 MB | Adobe PDF |
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Advisor(s)
Abstract(s)
O aumento do consumo energético a nível global e a eventual dificuldade de acesso a
recursos fósseis, resultam na necessidade de procura de soluções alternativas com
vista a colmatar esta realidade. As energias renováveis e a mobilidade elétrica surgem
como soluções sustentáveis para a produção de energia elétrica e para o setor dos
transportes, quer por se apresentarem tendencialmente económico-favoráveis, quer
pela sua capacidade de utilização sem serem registadas emissões de gases de efeito
de estufa.
A presente dissertação tem como principais objetivos o dimensionamento de várias
soluções de autoconsumo e adoção de veículos elétricos na indústria – regendo-se pelo
Decreto-Lei n.º 162/2019, de 25 de outubro, que estipula as alterações para o
autoconsumo através da produção de eletricidade a partir de fontes renováveis legislada
através do Decreto-Lei n.º 153/2014, de 20 de outubro – assim como uma análise de
viabilidade económica de todas as soluções dimensionadas.
Desta forma, após uma parte teórica acerca do panorama energético, da energia solar,
da mobilidade elétrica e das unidades de produção para autoconsumo, assim como de
todos os seus constituintes, é realizado o dimensionamento de quatro diferentes
cenários: autoconsumo individual com ligação à rede; autoconsumo individual com
ligação à rede e adoção de dois veículos elétricos; autoconsumo individual com
armazenamento ligado à rede e adoção de dois veículos elétricos; e autoconsumo
coletivo através da partilha da produção por vários estabelecimentos pertencentes ao
mesmo dono da fábrica em estudo. Foram dimensionados sistemas fotovoltaicos com
intervalo de potências entre 30 kWp e 70 kWp.
Todos os cenários obtidos apresentam-se como soluções energeticamente vantajosas
significando um bom dimensionamento dos sistemas. No entanto, após o estudo de
análise financeira, é possível determinar a viabilidade económica das hipóteses, sendo
que o autoconsumo coletivo e o autoconsumo individual com adoção de dois veículos
elétricos foram os sistemas que demonstraram melhores indicadores financeiros.
The increase in global energy consumption and the consequent and eventual extinction of fossil resources result in the need to seek alternative solutions in order to meet this reality. Renewable energies and electric mobility emerge as sustainable solutions for the production of electricity and for the transport sector, both because they are economically favourable and because of their ability to have minimal environmental impacts in their daily use. This dissertation report has as main objectives the sizing of several solutions of self consumption and adoption of electric vehicles in the industry - governed by the Decree Law no. 162/2019, of October 25, which stipulates the changes for self-consumption through electricity production from renewable sources legislated through Decree-Law no. 153/2014, of October 20 - as well as an analysis of economic viability of all the dimensioned solutions. In this way, after a theoretical part about the panorama of the energy market, solar energy, electric mobility and production units for self-consumption, as well as all its constituents, the dimensioning of four different scenarios is carried out: individual self consumption with connection to the grid; individual self-consumption with connection to the grid and adoption of two electric vehicles; individual self-consumption with storage connected to the grid and adoption of two electric vehicles; and collective self consumption through the sharing of production by various establishments belonging to the same owner of the plant under study. Photovoltaic systems with power range between 30 kWp and 70 kWp were dimensioned. However, after the financial analysis study, it is possible to determine the economic viability of the hypotheses, and the collective self-consumption and individual self consumption with the adoption of two electric vehicles were the systems that demonstrated the best financial indicators.
The increase in global energy consumption and the consequent and eventual extinction of fossil resources result in the need to seek alternative solutions in order to meet this reality. Renewable energies and electric mobility emerge as sustainable solutions for the production of electricity and for the transport sector, both because they are economically favourable and because of their ability to have minimal environmental impacts in their daily use. This dissertation report has as main objectives the sizing of several solutions of self consumption and adoption of electric vehicles in the industry - governed by the Decree Law no. 162/2019, of October 25, which stipulates the changes for self-consumption through electricity production from renewable sources legislated through Decree-Law no. 153/2014, of October 20 - as well as an analysis of economic viability of all the dimensioned solutions. In this way, after a theoretical part about the panorama of the energy market, solar energy, electric mobility and production units for self-consumption, as well as all its constituents, the dimensioning of four different scenarios is carried out: individual self consumption with connection to the grid; individual self-consumption with connection to the grid and adoption of two electric vehicles; individual self-consumption with storage connected to the grid and adoption of two electric vehicles; and collective self consumption through the sharing of production by various establishments belonging to the same owner of the plant under study. Photovoltaic systems with power range between 30 kWp and 70 kWp were dimensioned. However, after the financial analysis study, it is possible to determine the economic viability of the hypotheses, and the collective self-consumption and individual self consumption with the adoption of two electric vehicles were the systems that demonstrated the best financial indicators.
Description
Keywords
Autoconsumo Energia Fotovoltaica Autoconsumo Coletivo Veículo Elétrico Análise Financeira Self-consumption Photovoltaic Energy Collective Self-consumption Electric Vehicle Financial Analysis