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Sustentabilidade dos recursos humanos na Polícia Nacional de Cabo Verde: um estudo sobre o abandono policial
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Orientador(es)
Resumo(s)
A crescente complexidade das organizações policiais e os desafios associados à retenção de efetivos têm vindo a colocar a sustentabilidade dos recursos humanos (RH) no centro do debate académico e institucional. No contexto cabo-verdiano, o aumento do abandono policial assume particular relevância, tendo em conta o seu impacto na capacidade operacional, na continuidade do serviço e na estabilidade do sistema de segurança interna. O objetivo do estudo consiste em identificar os fatores associados à saída voluntária dos efetivos e analisar as suas implicações organizacionais. A investigação adotou uma abordagem quantitativa, baseada na aplicação de um questionário a ex-polícias da Polícia Nacional de Cabo Verde (PNCV), complementada pela análise de dados institucionais relativos ao período entre 2015 e 2025. Os resultados evidenciam que o abandono policial constitui um fenómeno multifatorial, resultante da interação entre fatores organizacionais e contextuais. Entre os principais fatores identificados destacam-se a ausência de valorização profissional, a perceção de injustiça organizacional, as limitações na progressão da carreira, a influência da emigração e a exposição a práticas de liderança disfuncionais. Verificou-se ainda um perfil predominante de ex-polícias relativamente jovens, com experiência profissional intermédia, que optam maioritariamente pelo abandono de lugar. A evolução dos dados institucionais demonstra uma tendência não linear, com redução do abandono até 2021 e aumento nos anos subsequentes, sugerindo a influência de dinâmicas estruturais e externas. Conclui-se que o abandono policial na PNCV decorre de um desequilíbrio entre expectativas individuais e respostas organizacionais, sendo a valorização profissional e a qualidade da liderança fatores determinantes para a retenção. A sustentabilidade dos RH depende da capacidade institucional para alinhar estas dimensões, promovendo reconhecimento, desenvolvimento profissional e compromisso organizacional.
The growing complexity of police organisations and the challenges associated with staff retention have brought the sustainability of human resources (HR) to the forefront of academic and institutional debate. In the Cape Verdean context, the rise in police attrition is of particular relevance, given its impact on operational capacity, service continuity and the stability of the internal security system. The aim of the study is to identify the factors associated with voluntary staff turnover and to analyse its organisational implications. The research adopted a quantitative approach, based on the administration of a questionnaire to former officers of the Cape Verde National Police (PNCV), supplemented by an analysis of institutional data covering the period between 2015 and 2025. The results show that police attrition is a multifactorial phenomenon, resulting from the interaction between organisational and contextual factors. Among the main factors identified are the lack of professional recognition, the perception of organisational injustice, limitations on career progression, the influence of emigration, and exposure to dysfunctional leadership practices. A predominant profile of relatively young former police officers with intermediate professional experience was also observed, the majority of whom choose to leave the force. The evolution of institutional data demonstrates a non-linear trend, with a reduction in attrition until 2021 and an increase in subsequent years, suggesting the influence of structural and external dynamics. It is concluded that police attrition within the PNCV stems from an imbalance between individual expectations and organisational responses, with professional recognition and the quality of leadership being key factors for retention. The sustainability of human resources depends on the institutional capacity to align these dimensions, promoting recognition, professional development and organisational commitment.
The growing complexity of police organisations and the challenges associated with staff retention have brought the sustainability of human resources (HR) to the forefront of academic and institutional debate. In the Cape Verdean context, the rise in police attrition is of particular relevance, given its impact on operational capacity, service continuity and the stability of the internal security system. The aim of the study is to identify the factors associated with voluntary staff turnover and to analyse its organisational implications. The research adopted a quantitative approach, based on the administration of a questionnaire to former officers of the Cape Verde National Police (PNCV), supplemented by an analysis of institutional data covering the period between 2015 and 2025. The results show that police attrition is a multifactorial phenomenon, resulting from the interaction between organisational and contextual factors. Among the main factors identified are the lack of professional recognition, the perception of organisational injustice, limitations on career progression, the influence of emigration, and exposure to dysfunctional leadership practices. A predominant profile of relatively young former police officers with intermediate professional experience was also observed, the majority of whom choose to leave the force. The evolution of institutional data demonstrates a non-linear trend, with a reduction in attrition until 2021 and an increase in subsequent years, suggesting the influence of structural and external dynamics. It is concluded that police attrition within the PNCV stems from an imbalance between individual expectations and organisational responses, with professional recognition and the quality of leadership being key factors for retention. The sustainability of human resources depends on the institutional capacity to align these dimensions, promoting recognition, professional development and organisational commitment.
Descrição
Mestrado em Ciências Policiais – Curso de Formação de Oficiais de Policia
Palavras-chave
abandono policial sustentabilidade dos recursos humanos retenção de efetivos PNCV police attrition human resource sustainability staff retention