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Cuidado especializado à pessoa com doença oncológica em programa de imunoterapia: Desenvolvimento de competências clínicas especializadas em Enfermagem Médico-Cirúrgica, na Área de Enfermagem à Pessoa em Situação Crónica
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Resumo(s)
As doenças crónicas, especialmente as oncológicas, representam um desafio crescente para os
sistemas de saúde, exigindo abordagens inovadoras e cuidados especializados. A imunoterapia
tem-se consolidado como um avanço significativo no tratamento da doença oncológica, no
entanto, pode causar efeitos adversos complexos, o que torna indispensável uma intervenção
qualificada e especializada. O enfermeiro especialista desempenha um papel fundamental no
cuidado à pessoa com doença oncológica e ao seu cuidador, sendo responsável por identificar e
monitorizar possíveis reações adversas, incentivar a adesão ao tratamento e oferecer suporte
contínuo. A sua atuação assegura um acompanhamento holístico e individualizado, garantindo
um atendimento seguro, baseado em evidência científica e centrado na pessoa, o que contribui
para melhores resultados clínicos e para a melhoria da qualidade de vida.
Este relatório apresenta os resultados da implementação de um projeto de desenvolvimento de
competências clínicas especializadas em enfermagem médico-cirúrgica, com foco no cuidado à
pessoa em situação crónica, especificamente oncológica em tratamento com imunoterapia. Foi
realizado no âmbito da Unidade Curricular “Estágio de Natureza Profissional, com Relatório -
Módulo II”, integrada no Mestrado em Enfermagem Médico-Cirúrgica na área de Enfermagem à
Pessoa em Situação Crónica, da Escola Superior de Enfermagem do Porto.
Neste documento expõem-se o processo de aquisição e desenvolvimento de competências
especializadas, além de uma reflexão crítica fundamentada em referenciais teóricos e práticos
adquiridos ao longo da formação. Tem como objetivo demonstrar a aquisição de competências
especializadas no cuidado à pessoa com doença oncológica em programa de imunoterapia,
baseado nas competências gerais do Enfermeiro Especialista, conforme o Regulamento das
Competências Comuns e nas competências específicas da Enfermagem Médico-Cirúrgica na
área da Pessoa em Situação Crónica. Para a sua elaboração, foram definidos objetivos
específicos e subespecíficos e desenvolvidas atividades que possibilitaram a sua concretização.
Chronic diseases, particularly cancer, pose a growing challenge for health systems, necessitating innovative approaches and specialized care. Immunotherapy has emerged as a significant advancement in cancer treatment; however, its complex adverse effects demand a qualified and specialized intervention. The specialist nurse fulfills a fundamental role in caring for cancer patients and their caregivers by identifying and monitoring potential adverse events, fostering treatment adherence and providing continuous support. Through holistic and individualized care, these specialist nurses ensure safe, evidence-based, and person-centered interventions that enhance clinical outcomes and improve quality of life. Their expertise bridges advanced therapeutic modalities with compassionate patient care, creating a comprehensive approach that addresses both the physiological and psychosocial dimensions of cancer treatment. This report presents the results of a project to develop specialized clinical skills in medicalsurgical nursing, focusing on caring for people with chronic conditions, specifically living with cancer and undergoing immunotherapy. Carried out within the scope of the “Professional Internship Curricular Unit, with a report regarding- Module II”, integrated on the Master's Degree in Medical - Surgical Nursing in the setting of Nursing for People with Chronic Conditions, at the Escola Superior de Enfermagem do Porto. This document documents the process of acquiring and improving specialized skills, as well as its critical reflection, and was based on theoretical and practical references acquired throughout the training. Its objective is to demonstrate the acquisition of specialized skills in the care of people living with cancer and in an immunotherapy program, based on the general skills of the Specialist Nurse, and accordingly to the Regulamento das Competências Comuns, alongside the specific skills of Medical - Surgical Nursing in the setting of People with Chronic Conditions. For its preparation, specific and subspecific objectives were defined and for its implementation several activities were developed.
Chronic diseases, particularly cancer, pose a growing challenge for health systems, necessitating innovative approaches and specialized care. Immunotherapy has emerged as a significant advancement in cancer treatment; however, its complex adverse effects demand a qualified and specialized intervention. The specialist nurse fulfills a fundamental role in caring for cancer patients and their caregivers by identifying and monitoring potential adverse events, fostering treatment adherence and providing continuous support. Through holistic and individualized care, these specialist nurses ensure safe, evidence-based, and person-centered interventions that enhance clinical outcomes and improve quality of life. Their expertise bridges advanced therapeutic modalities with compassionate patient care, creating a comprehensive approach that addresses both the physiological and psychosocial dimensions of cancer treatment. This report presents the results of a project to develop specialized clinical skills in medicalsurgical nursing, focusing on caring for people with chronic conditions, specifically living with cancer and undergoing immunotherapy. Carried out within the scope of the “Professional Internship Curricular Unit, with a report regarding- Module II”, integrated on the Master's Degree in Medical - Surgical Nursing in the setting of Nursing for People with Chronic Conditions, at the Escola Superior de Enfermagem do Porto. This document documents the process of acquiring and improving specialized skills, as well as its critical reflection, and was based on theoretical and practical references acquired throughout the training. Its objective is to demonstrate the acquisition of specialized skills in the care of people living with cancer and in an immunotherapy program, based on the general skills of the Specialist Nurse, and accordingly to the Regulamento das Competências Comuns, alongside the specific skills of Medical - Surgical Nursing in the setting of People with Chronic Conditions. For its preparation, specific and subspecific objectives were defined and for its implementation several activities were developed.
Descrição
Palavras-chave
Competências Enfermagem Pessoa em Situação Crónica Oncologia Imunoterapia