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O Processo de EmergĂȘncia da Liderança na Academia Militar
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Abstract(s)
Contrariando as abordagens tradicionais de liderança, segundo as quais os traços de
personalidade nĂŁo parecem predizer a liderança, as perspetivas mais recentes sublinham a importĂąncia destas variĂĄveis ao nĂvel da influĂȘncia e da sua relação como preditores no processo de emergĂȘncia da liderança nos indivĂduos, em especial nos grupos de trabalho.
O presente trabalho de investigação aplicada procura contribuir para uma melhor compreensĂŁo e explicitação das variĂĄveis que estĂŁo na base da emergĂȘncia da liderança nos
cadetes da Academia Militar de Portugal. Em particular, analisa de que forma a estabilidade emocional (resiliĂȘncia emocional e limite de desordem emocional), o conflito intragrupal (conflito de relacionamento e o conflito de tarefa) e os cinco grandes fatores de personalidade Big Five (extroversĂŁo, amabilidade, conscienciosidade, neuroticismo e abertura Ă experiĂȘncia) explicam a emergĂȘncia da liderança. De forma adicional explora-se o comportamento evolutivo, destes fatores/traços, ao longo de quatro anos de formação na Academia Militar de Portugal.
Participaram no nosso estudo trezentos e vinte e dois cadetes das vĂĄrias armas e serviços do ExĂ©rcito e da Guarda Nacional Republicana, com idades compreendidas entre os dezassete e os vinte e quatro anos. Para a prossecução deste estudo foram utilizados o NEO-Five-Factor (Costa & McCrae, 1992), para a avaliação das cinco dimensĂ”es do Big Five. Para medir o limite de desordem e a resiliĂȘncia emocional, recorremos ao QuestionĂĄrio de Estabilidade Emocional (Li, Chun, Ashkanasy e Ahlstrom, 2012). Para a avaliação da liderança emergente, foi utilizada a Escala de Controlo SociopolĂtico desenvolvida por Zimmerman e Zahnister (1991). Por fim recorremos Ă Escala de Avaliação do Conflito Intragrupal (Jehn 1997; Pearson, Ensley & Amason, 2002), constituĂda por duas subescalas, o conflito de tarefa e o conflito de relacionamento.
Os resultados apoiam a ideia de que a estabilidade emocional, o conflito de
relacionamento, a extroversĂŁo e a abertura Ă experiĂȘncia estĂŁo positivamente relacionados com a emergĂȘncia da liderança dos futuros lĂderes militares. As anĂĄlises realizadas permitiram tambĂ©m concluir que o desenvolvimento dos conflitos Ă© diferente, ao longo da permanĂȘncia dos cadetes na Academia Militar de Portugal.
Abstract Contrary to traditional approaches on leadership - that personality traits do not seem to predict leadership, the most recent perspectives underline the importance of these variables, in terms of influence and relation, as predictors on the process of leadership emergence on individuals, especially in workgroups. This applied research work seeks to contribute to a better understanding and explanation of the variables which form the basis of leadership emergence in the Cadets of the Portuguese Military Academy. In particular, it analyses the ways in which emotional stability (emotional resilience and emotional disorder threshold), the intra-group conflict (relationship conflict and the task conflict) and the âbig fiveâ factors (extraversion, agreeableness, conscientiousness, neuroticism and openness to experience) explain the emergence of leadership. In addition, it explores the process by which these factors/traits evolved throughout the four years of training in the Portuguese Military Academy. Three hundred and twenty two cadets from different arms and services with ages ranging from seventeen to twentyfour participated in the study. For this study, the NEO Five-Factor (Costa & McCrae, 1992) was used, for the evaluation of the five dimensions - âBig Fiveâ. For measuring the disorder threshold and the emotional resilience, the Emotional Stability questionnaire (Li, Chun, Ashkanasy and Ahlstrom, 2012), was used. As for the emergence of leadership, the socio-political control scale developed by Zimmerman and Zahnister (1991) was used. In the end, the scale for Intragrupal conflict evaluation (Jehn 1997; Pearson, Ashley & Amazon, 2002) was applied. It consists two subscales, the task conflict and the relationship conflict. The results supported the idea that emotional stability, relationship conflict, extraversion and openness to experience are positively related to the leadership emergence of the future military leaders. The analysis also concluded that the development of conflicts varies during the period of time that cadets stay at the Portuguese Military Academy.
Abstract Contrary to traditional approaches on leadership - that personality traits do not seem to predict leadership, the most recent perspectives underline the importance of these variables, in terms of influence and relation, as predictors on the process of leadership emergence on individuals, especially in workgroups. This applied research work seeks to contribute to a better understanding and explanation of the variables which form the basis of leadership emergence in the Cadets of the Portuguese Military Academy. In particular, it analyses the ways in which emotional stability (emotional resilience and emotional disorder threshold), the intra-group conflict (relationship conflict and the task conflict) and the âbig fiveâ factors (extraversion, agreeableness, conscientiousness, neuroticism and openness to experience) explain the emergence of leadership. In addition, it explores the process by which these factors/traits evolved throughout the four years of training in the Portuguese Military Academy. Three hundred and twenty two cadets from different arms and services with ages ranging from seventeen to twentyfour participated in the study. For this study, the NEO Five-Factor (Costa & McCrae, 1992) was used, for the evaluation of the five dimensions - âBig Fiveâ. For measuring the disorder threshold and the emotional resilience, the Emotional Stability questionnaire (Li, Chun, Ashkanasy and Ahlstrom, 2012), was used. As for the emergence of leadership, the socio-political control scale developed by Zimmerman and Zahnister (1991) was used. In the end, the scale for Intragrupal conflict evaluation (Jehn 1997; Pearson, Ashley & Amazon, 2002) was applied. It consists two subscales, the task conflict and the relationship conflict. The results supported the idea that emotional stability, relationship conflict, extraversion and openness to experience are positively related to the leadership emergence of the future military leaders. The analysis also concluded that the development of conflicts varies during the period of time that cadets stay at the Portuguese Military Academy.
Description
Keywords
EmergĂȘncia da Liderança Cadetes Traços de Personalidade Big Five Estabilidade Emocional Conflito Intragrupal
Citation
Publisher
Academia Militar. Direção de Ensino