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Publication
O enfermeiro obstetra na prevenção do abandono precoce do aleitamento materno
| Name: | Description: | Size: | Format: | |
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| 2.64 MB | Adobe PDF |
Advisor(s)
Abstract(s)
A amamentação é um processo complexo e importante na adaptação da mãe e do recém nascido, estando intrínseco nas competências do Enfermeiro Obstetra o apoio e
acompanhamento da família nesta fase. Sendo conhecidas as dificuldades que a díade pode
experienciar, há risco de abandono precoce do aleitamento materno. Como tal, importa
compreender e identificar quais os fatores que podem despoletar esse fenómeno, possibilitando
uma intervenção personalizada e eficaz por parte do profissional de saúde. Baseada na Teoria
do Conforto de Khatarine Kolcaba, optou-se por desenvolver esta temática com vista a
proporcionar condições de conforto e tranquilidade durante o processo de aleitamento materno.
Descreve-se o percurso da aprendizagem para a elaboração do presente relatório, tendo
como principal objetivo analisar reflexivamente o percurso de aquisição de competências do
Enfermeiro Especialista em Enfermagem de Saúde Materna e Obstetrícia e de Mestre. Como
objetivos específicos foram definidos: descrever as atividades desenvolvidas nos vários
contextos de aprendizagem que contribuíram para a aquisição e desenvolvimento de
competências do Enfermeiro Especialista em Enfermagem de Saúde Materna e Obstetrícia e de
Mestre; identificar as dificuldades que levam ao abandono precoce no processo de aleitamento
materno exclusivo; implementar medidas de apoio à puérpera ajudando no processo de
aleitamento materno exclusivo após a alta hospitalar; avaliar a eficácia das medidas
implementadas no processo de apoio ao aleitamento materno exclusivo e identificar o impacto
da situação pandémica no aleitamento materno exclusivo.
Sob a questão de partida “Quais os fatores que levam as mulheres a abandonar
precocemente o processo de aleitamento materno?” realizou-se uma scoping review com o
objetivo de mapear a evidência científica existente, concluiu-se que o enfermeiro deve dar o
apoio e as informações necessárias para as puérperas e direcionar práticas que minimizem as
dificuldades na amamentação como forma de impedir o desmame precoce.
Recorrendo à metodologia quantitativa e qualitativa, foi aplicado um questionário, com
vista a identificar as dificuldades reconhecidas pelas mulheres que conduziram ao abandono
precoce do aleitamento materno exclusivo após a alta hospitalar.
Tendo a pandemia por SARS-CoV-2 surgido a meio do percurso, implementou-se um
segundo questionário para compreender o impacto que a mesma poderia ter no processo do
aleitamento materno.
Apesar do progresso das várias medidas promotoras da amamentação, as taxas de
aleitamento materno exclusivo continuam abaixo do recomendado, sendo possível verificar que
o regresso ao trabalho das mães é identificado como o maior obstáculo a manter a amamentação
por períodos mais prolongados.
Breastfeeding is a complex and important process for the adjustment between the mother and the newborn, being included in the Obstetrician Nurse competences all the support and follow up for the entire family. There are known the difficulties of this dyad, as the risk for early abandonment of breastmilk ingestion. So, we need to understand and identify which factors can trigger this phenomenon, enabling a personalized intervention from the heathcare professional. Base on “Teoria do Conforto de Khatarine Kolcaba”, it has been chosen to pursue this topic so that it can enhance confort and tranquility during breastfeeding. The path of learning for the preparation of this report is described, with the main objective to reflectively analyze the path of acquisition of competences of the Specialist Nurse in Maternal and Obstetrics and Master's Nursing. As specific objectives, the following were defined: to describe the activities developed in the various learning contexts that contributed to the acquisition and development of skills of the Specialist Nurse in Maternal and Obstetrics and Master's Nursing; identify difficulties which lead to early abandonment of the breastfeeding practice; implement ways of support for the puerperal after exclusive breastfeeding at the hospital; asses efficacy the implemented measures in the support exclusive breastfeeding process and identify the impact of the pandemic in it. Under the starting question “What are the factors that lead women to early abandon the exclusive breastfeeding process?” it has been done a scoping review to map the scientific evidence available, and it has been concluded that the nurse must give support and all information needed to the puerperal and to direct the practices that minimize the difficulties in breastfeeding to prevent early wean. Recurring to quantitative and qualitative methodology, it has been applied a questionnaire, to identify the known difficulties for women which leaded to the early abandonment of exclusive breastfeeding after hospital discharge. Been the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic crossing the way, it has been implemented a second questionnaire to understand the impact of it in the breastfeeding process. Regardless of the progress the breastfeeding promoting measures, the exclusive breastfeeding rates are still below recommended, and aggravated with the return of presential work, as it was the most significant struggle reported for bigger spams of time.
Breastfeeding is a complex and important process for the adjustment between the mother and the newborn, being included in the Obstetrician Nurse competences all the support and follow up for the entire family. There are known the difficulties of this dyad, as the risk for early abandonment of breastmilk ingestion. So, we need to understand and identify which factors can trigger this phenomenon, enabling a personalized intervention from the heathcare professional. Base on “Teoria do Conforto de Khatarine Kolcaba”, it has been chosen to pursue this topic so that it can enhance confort and tranquility during breastfeeding. The path of learning for the preparation of this report is described, with the main objective to reflectively analyze the path of acquisition of competences of the Specialist Nurse in Maternal and Obstetrics and Master's Nursing. As specific objectives, the following were defined: to describe the activities developed in the various learning contexts that contributed to the acquisition and development of skills of the Specialist Nurse in Maternal and Obstetrics and Master's Nursing; identify difficulties which lead to early abandonment of the breastfeeding practice; implement ways of support for the puerperal after exclusive breastfeeding at the hospital; asses efficacy the implemented measures in the support exclusive breastfeeding process and identify the impact of the pandemic in it. Under the starting question “What are the factors that lead women to early abandon the exclusive breastfeeding process?” it has been done a scoping review to map the scientific evidence available, and it has been concluded that the nurse must give support and all information needed to the puerperal and to direct the practices that minimize the difficulties in breastfeeding to prevent early wean. Recurring to quantitative and qualitative methodology, it has been applied a questionnaire, to identify the known difficulties for women which leaded to the early abandonment of exclusive breastfeeding after hospital discharge. Been the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic crossing the way, it has been implemented a second questionnaire to understand the impact of it in the breastfeeding process. Regardless of the progress the breastfeeding promoting measures, the exclusive breastfeeding rates are still below recommended, and aggravated with the return of presential work, as it was the most significant struggle reported for bigger spams of time.
Description
Keywords
Enfermagem obstétrica Aleitamento materno Desmame Período pós-parto