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Publication
Proteção Civil, "Teatro de Operações" das Forças Armadas?
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Abstract(s)
Nos termos da Constituição da República, as Forças Armadas, incumbidas institucionalmente da defesa militar do país, podem colaborar em missões de Proteção Civil. De acordo com o quadro concetual e doutrinal da Proteção Civil, tratando-se de uma atividade de “todos para todos”, onde coexistem entidades públicas e privadas, é, também, expectável, e mesmo exigível, a alteração do paradigma da ação do cidadão, com vista a uma maior intervenção enquanto primeiro agente de Proteção Civil. Contudo, devido a uma variedade de circunstâncias que se procurará identificar neste trabalho, ao nível das representações públicas, tende-se a considerar essa participação como uma das falhas mais graves do sistema de Proteção Civil. Assim, emergem neste panorama perceções sociais diferenciadas que, devido às respetivas idiossincrasias culturais, definem as caraterísticas e a organização das Forças Armadas com um espírito de corpo, disciplina e sentido de dever, preparação e treino, doutrina, meios, prontidão e resiliência operacional, que as habilitam a uma maior, e melhor, capacidade de resposta célere e eficaz, colmatando as “insuficiências” e os “deficits” usualmente atribuídos nesta matéria às organizações civis e às populações, em particular atendendo à emergência de novos perigos e ameaças. Com este trabalho, pretende-se fazer uma reflexão sobre as implicações, vantagens e inconvenientes que resultariam de um maior empenhamento das Forças Armadas na Proteção Civil, com maior responsabilidade ao nível do comando e controlo e da coordenação, e com a necessária alteração e consolidação da sua estrutura para responder a situações de emergência no dia-a-dia e em ocorrências catastróficas. Foi realizado inquérito a elementos das Forças Armadas e outros agentes e personalidades com ligação à Proteção Civil, e questionário aos alunos do ISEC Lisboa. Finalmente foram apresentadas conclusões. Este estudo permitiu realçar a importância desta temática, particularmente face às alterações do paradigma nas sociedades hodiernas, e abrir linhas de ação para a sua compreensão e possível desenvolvimento.
Under the terms of the Constitution of the Republic, the Armed Forces, institutionally responsible for the country's military defence, can collaborate in Civil Protection missions. According to the conceptual and doctrinal framework of Civil Protection, since it is an activity of "all for all", where public and private entities coexist, it is also expected, and even required, to change the paradigm of citizen action, with a view to greater intervention as the first Civil Protection agent. However, due to a variety of circumstances that will be identified in this work, at the level of public representation, there is a tendency to consider this participation as one of the most serious failures of the Civil Protection system. Therefore, distinct social perceptions emerge in this domain, which, owing to the respective cultural idiosyncrasies, define the characteristics and organization of the Armed Forces with a spirit of corps, discipline and a sense of duty, preparation and training, doctrine, means, readiness and operational resilience, that enable them to have a greater, and better, capacity to respond quickly and effectively, filling the “shortcomings” and “deficits” usually attributed in this matter to civil organizations and populations, particularly given the emergence of new menaces and threats. With this work, we intend to reflect on the implications, advantages and disadvantages that would result from a greater commitment of the Armed Forces in Civil Protection, with greater responsibility in terms of command and control and coordination, and with the necessary change and consolidation of its structure to respond to day-to-day emergency situations and catastrophic events. A survey was carried out among elements of the Armed Forces, other agents and personalities linked to Civil Protection, and a questionnaire to the students of ISEC Lisboa. This study allowed us to highlight the importance of this theme, particularly considering the paradigm shifts in today's societies, and to open lines of action for its understanding and possible development.
Under the terms of the Constitution of the Republic, the Armed Forces, institutionally responsible for the country's military defence, can collaborate in Civil Protection missions. According to the conceptual and doctrinal framework of Civil Protection, since it is an activity of "all for all", where public and private entities coexist, it is also expected, and even required, to change the paradigm of citizen action, with a view to greater intervention as the first Civil Protection agent. However, due to a variety of circumstances that will be identified in this work, at the level of public representation, there is a tendency to consider this participation as one of the most serious failures of the Civil Protection system. Therefore, distinct social perceptions emerge in this domain, which, owing to the respective cultural idiosyncrasies, define the characteristics and organization of the Armed Forces with a spirit of corps, discipline and a sense of duty, preparation and training, doctrine, means, readiness and operational resilience, that enable them to have a greater, and better, capacity to respond quickly and effectively, filling the “shortcomings” and “deficits” usually attributed in this matter to civil organizations and populations, particularly given the emergence of new menaces and threats. With this work, we intend to reflect on the implications, advantages and disadvantages that would result from a greater commitment of the Armed Forces in Civil Protection, with greater responsibility in terms of command and control and coordination, and with the necessary change and consolidation of its structure to respond to day-to-day emergency situations and catastrophic events. A survey was carried out among elements of the Armed Forces, other agents and personalities linked to Civil Protection, and a questionnaire to the students of ISEC Lisboa. This study allowed us to highlight the importance of this theme, particularly considering the paradigm shifts in today's societies, and to open lines of action for its understanding and possible development.
Description
Keywords
Forças Armadas, Proteção Civil, Defesa Nacional, Comando, Coordenação Armed Forces, Civil Protection, National Defence, Command, Coordination