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Tórus palatino e tórus mandibular : uma revisão sistemática
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Abstract(s)
Introdução: O tórus palatino (TP) e o tórus mandibular (TM) são protuberâncias ósseas não patológicas, localizadas nas superfícies alveolares da maxila e da mandíbula. Podem ser classificados em diversas formas e tamanhos, sendo por norma assintomáticos. A sua etiologia é ainda desconhecida, sendo a teoria mais aceite a de uma etiologia multifatorial. A sua prevalência varia consoante o género, a etnia e a idade, existindo diversos valores de prevalência a nível global.
Objetivo: Perceber de que forma o género, a idade, a raça e a latitude estão relacionados com o aparecimento de tórus, assim como qual a forma mais frequente em que cada tórus se apresenta.
Materiais e Métodos: Foi efetuada uma pesquisa eletrónica nas bases de dados PubMed e Google Scholar de artigos publicados nos últimos 10 anos que abordassem a prevalência de TP e/ou TM. As meta-análises e meta-regressões apresentadas neste trabalho foram realizadas com recurso ao software Open Meta Analyst, sendo que se considerou haver suporte estatístico quando o resultado dos testes estatísticos efetuados tivesse p<0.05.
Resultados: Foram obtidos 1166 artigos, dos quais apenas 16 respeitavam os critérios de inclusão e exclusão, sendo selecionados para esta revisão sistemática. De todas as meta-regressões realizadas, as que mostraram efeitos estatisticamente significativos (p<0.05) foram: rácio do número de indivíduos do género masculino na amostra sobre a prevalência de TP; latitude sobre a prevalência de TM; idade mínima sobre a prevalência de TP e TM e idade média sobre a prevalência de TP e TM.
Conclusão: A prevalência de TP é superior no género feminino, um aumento de latitude está associado a uma maior prevalência de TM e a idade parece ter um efeito sobre a prevalência de TP e TM. No entanto, a realização de estudos com uma amostragem randomizada seria uma mais-valia relativamente ao nível de evidência científica.
Introduction: Torus palatinus (TP) and torus mandibularis (TM) are nonpathological bony protuberances located on the alveolar surfaces of the maxilla and mandible. They can be classified into different shapes and sizes and are usually asymptomatic. Their etiology is still unknown, and the most accepted theory is that of a multifactorial etiology. The prevalence varies according to gender, ethnicity and age, with different prevalence values at a global level. Aim: Understand how gender, age, race and latitude are related to the appearance of torus, as well as understand the most frequent form in which each torus appears. Materials and Methods: An electronic search was performed in PubMed and Google Scholar databases for articles published in the last 10 years that addressed the prevalence of TP and/or TM. The meta-analyses and meta-regressions presented in this work were performed using the Open Meta Analyst software, and statistical support was considered when the result of the statistical tests performed had p<0.05. Results: A total of 1166 articles were obtained, of which only 16 met the inclusion and exclusion criteria, being selected for this systematic review. Of all the meta-regressions performed, those that showed statistically significant effects (p<0.05) were: ratio of the number of males in the sample to the prevalence of TP; latitude on the prevalence of TM; minimum age on the prevalence of TP and TM and mean age on the prevalence of TP and TM. Conclusion: The prevalence of torus palatinus is higher in females, an increase in latitude is associated with a higher prevalence of torus mandibularis and age appears to influence the prevalence of torus palatinus and mandibularis. However, carrying out studies with randomized sampling would be an asset in terms of the level of scientific evidence.
Introduction: Torus palatinus (TP) and torus mandibularis (TM) are nonpathological bony protuberances located on the alveolar surfaces of the maxilla and mandible. They can be classified into different shapes and sizes and are usually asymptomatic. Their etiology is still unknown, and the most accepted theory is that of a multifactorial etiology. The prevalence varies according to gender, ethnicity and age, with different prevalence values at a global level. Aim: Understand how gender, age, race and latitude are related to the appearance of torus, as well as understand the most frequent form in which each torus appears. Materials and Methods: An electronic search was performed in PubMed and Google Scholar databases for articles published in the last 10 years that addressed the prevalence of TP and/or TM. The meta-analyses and meta-regressions presented in this work were performed using the Open Meta Analyst software, and statistical support was considered when the result of the statistical tests performed had p<0.05. Results: A total of 1166 articles were obtained, of which only 16 met the inclusion and exclusion criteria, being selected for this systematic review. Of all the meta-regressions performed, those that showed statistically significant effects (p<0.05) were: ratio of the number of males in the sample to the prevalence of TP; latitude on the prevalence of TM; minimum age on the prevalence of TP and TM and mean age on the prevalence of TP and TM. Conclusion: The prevalence of torus palatinus is higher in females, an increase in latitude is associated with a higher prevalence of torus mandibularis and age appears to influence the prevalence of torus palatinus and mandibularis. However, carrying out studies with randomized sampling would be an asset in terms of the level of scientific evidence.
Description
Dissertação para obtenção do grau de Mestre no Instituto Universitário Egas Moniz
Keywords
Tórus Tórus palatino Tórus mandibular Prevalência