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Indução anestésica em cadelas: propofol ou alfaxalona?
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Abstract(s)
A monitorização anestésica é fundamental para prestar melhores cuidados ao doente no
período peri operatório. A indução anestésica é a etapa em que há administração de um
indutor (adaptado a cada animal e intervenção) para possibilitar a entubação endotraqueal.
Ao longo desta dissertação foram explorados mais detalhadamente os efeitos da
alfaxalona e do propofol como indutores para cirurgias reprodutivas (nomeadamente
ovariohisterectomia eletiva e ovariohisterectomia associada a patologias como cesariana
ou alterações uterinas). Neste estudo, as fêmeas foram selecionadas consoante a idade e
índice de massa corporal excluindo as que apresentaram alterações analíticas sanguíneas.
A amostra (n=22) foi dividida em grupos. O grupo A (n=7) incluiu animais que realizaram
ovariohisterectomia eletiva com alfaxalona. O grupo B (n=7) incluiu animais que
realizaram ovariohisterectomia eletiva com propofol. O grupo C (n=4) incluiu doentes
que realizaram ovariohisterectomia associada a patologia reprodutiva com alfaxalona. O
grupo D (n=4) incluiu doentes que realizaram ovariohisterectomia associada a patologia
reprodutiva com propofol. A monitorização anestésica multiparamétrica teve como
auxílio o index de atividade do tónus parassimpático. Os resultados deste estudo foram
obtidos entre fevereiro e agosto de 2023 no Hospital Veterinário da Arrábida. Os dois
indutores demonstraram ser seguros para indução anestésica de animais com patologias
reprodutivas associadas. Tendo por base o index de atividade do tónus parassimpático
médio, em caso de ovariohisterectomia eletiva, a alfaxalona assegurou a nociceção mais
eficazmente que o propofol, mas em caso de ovariohisterectomia associada a patologia,
o propofol demonstrou melhores resultados (não sendo significativamente diferentes).
Quanto à frequência cardíaca máxima, os grupos A e B mostraram-se significativamente
diferentes (p value= 0,013) sugerindo que o propofol provocou mais taquicardia que a
alfaxalona em ovariohisterectomia eletiva. Este estudo é fazível, repetível, seguro e
eficaz. Concluiu-se que a alfaxalona apresenta melhores resultados na indução anestésica
de cadelas que realizaram ovariohisterectomia eletiva e que o propofol produz melhores
resultados anestésicos em cadelas com patologia associada.
Anesthetic monitorization is a fundamental tool to provide the best care to the sick animals during peri operative period. The anesthetic induction is the stage where the inductor (adapted to the animal and intervention) is used to facilitate endotraqueal entubation. Throughout this dissertation, the effects of alfaxalona and propofol were explored in more detail as inductors of bitches submitted to reproductive surgerys (such as elective ovariohysterectomy and ovariohysterectomy associated with caesarean section or uterine disorders). In this study, females were selected by age, body condition and were excluded the ones with analitic blood changes. The sample (n=22) was divided in groups. Group A (n=7) has animals who performed elective ovariohysterectomy with alfaxalone. Group B (n=7) has animals who performed elective ovariohysterectomy with propofol. Group C (n=4) has patients who performed ovariohysterectomy associated with reproductive disorders with alfaxalone. Group D (n=4) has patients who performed ovariohysterectomy associated with reproductive disorders with propofol. The multiparametric anesthetic monitoring had help from the parasympathetic tonus activity index. The data for this study were registered between February and August 2023 on Arrábida Veterinary Hospital. Both inductors shown to be safe to anesthetic induction in animals with associated reproductive disorders. Based on average parasympathetic tone activity, for elective ovariohysterectomy, alfaxalone had better nociception than propofol, but for uterine disorder associated ovariohysterectomy, propofol had better results (not significantly different). For the maximum heart rate, groups A and B were significantly different (p value= 0,013), suggesting that propofol created more tachycardia than alfaxalona in elective ovariohysterectomy. This study is doable, repeatable, safe and effective. In conclusion, alfaxalone has better results in bitches that performed ovariohysterectomy with no associated disease and propofol had better anesthetics results in bitches with associated disease.
Anesthetic monitorization is a fundamental tool to provide the best care to the sick animals during peri operative period. The anesthetic induction is the stage where the inductor (adapted to the animal and intervention) is used to facilitate endotraqueal entubation. Throughout this dissertation, the effects of alfaxalona and propofol were explored in more detail as inductors of bitches submitted to reproductive surgerys (such as elective ovariohysterectomy and ovariohysterectomy associated with caesarean section or uterine disorders). In this study, females were selected by age, body condition and were excluded the ones with analitic blood changes. The sample (n=22) was divided in groups. Group A (n=7) has animals who performed elective ovariohysterectomy with alfaxalone. Group B (n=7) has animals who performed elective ovariohysterectomy with propofol. Group C (n=4) has patients who performed ovariohysterectomy associated with reproductive disorders with alfaxalone. Group D (n=4) has patients who performed ovariohysterectomy associated with reproductive disorders with propofol. The multiparametric anesthetic monitoring had help from the parasympathetic tonus activity index. The data for this study were registered between February and August 2023 on Arrábida Veterinary Hospital. Both inductors shown to be safe to anesthetic induction in animals with associated reproductive disorders. Based on average parasympathetic tone activity, for elective ovariohysterectomy, alfaxalone had better nociception than propofol, but for uterine disorder associated ovariohysterectomy, propofol had better results (not significantly different). For the maximum heart rate, groups A and B were significantly different (p value= 0,013), suggesting that propofol created more tachycardia than alfaxalona in elective ovariohysterectomy. This study is doable, repeatable, safe and effective. In conclusion, alfaxalone has better results in bitches that performed ovariohysterectomy with no associated disease and propofol had better anesthetics results in bitches with associated disease.
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Keywords
alfaxalona anestesia atividade do tónus parassimpático cesariana ovariohisterectomia propofol anesthesia, cesarean section induction ovariohysterectomy parasympathetic tone activity