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Intervenções especializadas em Enfermagem de Saúde Materna e Obstétrica promotoras do autocontrolo da ansiedade durante a gravidez - Desenvolvimento de competências clínicas especializadas na área de Enfermagem de Saúde Materna e Obstétrica
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Resumo(s)
O presente relatório resulta do percurso realizado no Estágio de natureza
profissional do curso de Mestrado em Enfermagem de Saúde Materna e
Obstétrica da Escola Superior de Enfermagem do Porto, com o objetivo de
descrever e refletir criticamente sobre o processo de aquisição e
desenvolvimento das competências do Enfermeiro Especialista em Enfermagem
de Saúde Materna e Obstétrica.
O Estágio de natureza profissional, centrado nas áreas de cuidados à
mulher/família durante a gravidez, no trabalho de parto e parto, no puerpério,
bem como ao recém-nascido, possibilitou o desenvolvimento e a consolidação
de competências especializadas, no âmbito da conceção de cuidados e da
implementação de intervenções baseadas na evidência científica, garantindo
uma prática clínica segura, eficaz e centrada na mulher.
No decorrer do estágio, foi-me possível constatar que a gravidez e a maternidade
constituem períodos na vida da mulher nos quais os níveis de ansiedade tendem
a intensificar-se. A frequência e a intensidade com que essa ansiedade se
revelava, por vezes comprometendo o bem-estar materno e a ligação mãe-filho,
despertaram o interesse em compreender de que forma o autocontrolo
emocional poderia ser promovido neste período.
Para o desenvolvimento de competências na área da investigação foi elaborada
uma revisão integrativa da literatura com o objetivo de identificar as intervenções
especializadas na promoção do autocontrolo da ansiedade durante a gravidez.
Identificaram-se intervenções em três eixos: educacionais (preparação para o
parto com base na simulação/coping; autocontrolo); relacionais (comunicação,
colaboração e empoderamento); e, organizacionais (formatos híbridos com teleenfermagem
e automonitorização), que podem ser implementadas pelo EEESMO
para promover a autogestão da ansiedade e potenciar o bem-estar na
gravidez.
The present report results from the professional internship undertaken during the Master’s Degree in Maternal and Obstetric Health Nursing at the Nursing School of Porto, with the aim of describing and critically reflecting on the process of acquisition and development of the competencies required of the Specialist Nurse in Maternal and Obstetric Health Nursing. The professional internship, focused on the care provided to women and families during pregnancy, labour and birth, the puerperium, as well as to the newborn, enabled the development and consolidation of specialised competencies through clinical experiences, within the scope of care planning and implementation of specialised interventions based on scientific evidence, ensuring safe, effective, and woman-centred care. Throughout the internship, it was recognized that pregnancy and motherhood represent periods in a woman’s life in which anxiety levels tend to increase. The frequency and intensity with which this anxiety manifested, at times compromising maternal well-being and the mother–infant bond, prompted an interest in understanding how emotional self-control could be fostered during this period. To develop research-related competencies, an integrative literature review was conducted with the aim of identifying specialised interventions that promote anxiety self-regulation during pregnancy. Interventions were identified across three main domains: educational (birth preparation based on simulation and coping strategies; self-control); relational (communication, collaboration, and empowerment); and organisational (hybrid formats incorporating tele-nursing and self-monitoring), which may be implemented by Specialist Nurses in Maternal and Obstetric Health Nursing to promote anxiety self-management and enhance wellbeing during pregnancy.
The present report results from the professional internship undertaken during the Master’s Degree in Maternal and Obstetric Health Nursing at the Nursing School of Porto, with the aim of describing and critically reflecting on the process of acquisition and development of the competencies required of the Specialist Nurse in Maternal and Obstetric Health Nursing. The professional internship, focused on the care provided to women and families during pregnancy, labour and birth, the puerperium, as well as to the newborn, enabled the development and consolidation of specialised competencies through clinical experiences, within the scope of care planning and implementation of specialised interventions based on scientific evidence, ensuring safe, effective, and woman-centred care. Throughout the internship, it was recognized that pregnancy and motherhood represent periods in a woman’s life in which anxiety levels tend to increase. The frequency and intensity with which this anxiety manifested, at times compromising maternal well-being and the mother–infant bond, prompted an interest in understanding how emotional self-control could be fostered during this period. To develop research-related competencies, an integrative literature review was conducted with the aim of identifying specialised interventions that promote anxiety self-regulation during pregnancy. Interventions were identified across three main domains: educational (birth preparation based on simulation and coping strategies; self-control); relational (communication, collaboration, and empowerment); and organisational (hybrid formats incorporating tele-nursing and self-monitoring), which may be implemented by Specialist Nurses in Maternal and Obstetric Health Nursing to promote anxiety self-management and enhance wellbeing during pregnancy.
Descrição
Palavras-chave
Gravidez Ansiedade Autocontrolo Autogestão Intervenções especializadas Enfermagem de Saúde Materna e Obstétrica